What the Indologists missed in deciphering the Indus seal inscriptions was the understanding of the basic contours of the script and that they not only meant mere words but flowing sentences. The incredible ideas emerging from the peculiarity of the images employed in writing on being diligently identified through the rebus method leads to defining the current social and religious roots prevalent in India. All the seal inscriptions amazingly follow the phonetic, syntactic and semantic principles; and also redefine the existence of superstructures, trade and economy, which altogether help to brand the Harappan Civilization as a literate society.

The present volume is devoted to the study of the Indus script and its decipherment. It offers a methodology for reading the Indus script by combining paleography with ancient literary accounts and Vedic grammar.These illustrate the methodology and also help shed new light on the Harappans and their connections with the Vedic Civilization.The language of the seals is Vedic Sanskrit,with a significant number of them containing words and phrases traceable to the ancient Vedic glossary Nigha, compiled from still earlier sources by Yaska.

Speak Effortless English has been written for English lovers who want to achieve proficiency in English. As everyone knows that knowing English is the need of hour. The coin has two sides, heads and tails. In the same manner English has two aspects, SPOKEN and WRITTEN. This book has been divided into four parts. Part I deals with grammar with spoken sentence. Part II deals with conversation and spoken words. Part III deals with vocabulary & sentence structure. Part IV deals with opposite words, phrasal verbs and interview questions. Sufficient examples on each point and each topic have been given. A number of sentences have been given for better practice. This book helps you to get rid of hesitation in an easy way. I hope this book will help you gain knowledge and since it is handy, you can carry it with you while travelling, relaxing, taking a break or simply choosing to read something sensible.

The book Fix the Risk of Committing Common Errors in English is a self-help and practice book designed to cater to the needs of students preparing for any of the competitive examinations like: BANKING, SSC, GMAT, GATE, PSU, IES, CAT, TET, NDA, GRE, CDS or any other competitive Examination as well as the students of all the junior and senior classes from 6th class onwards. It would also be useful to the general public who want to learn to speak or write good English. Key Points of the Book: Covers all the Topics: Written after a great deal of research, it is a clear, concise, compact and well organized book containing even those topics which many writers leave taking them to be unnecessary like: Redundancy and Parallelism, while they are quite important. Grammar Made Easy: Like Mathematics, the book provides rules which are so designed that even an average student can easily understand them as well as grasp them. Plenty of Exercises with answers: At the end of each rule, students are provided with practice exercise to check themselves and at the end of each chapter a miscellaneous is provided so that each single rule gets injected in the students’ mind. Self Help: Designed for self-study, the book helps you like a tutor. The book can be used as a reference book as well as an ordinary text book. For more practice exercises and quizzes visit www.commonerrorsinenglish.com.

A thorough research has been completed in the field of IELTS Speaking in order to create this book .You can find here a comprehensive collection of topics that have been asked by examiners for IELTS's Speaking Module .This book will be Useful for Students who already book their IELTS exam.

The purpose of writing this book is to learn English Phrases is easy way which used in daily life. Through this book, you will be able to learn more than 500 Phrases and feel the English language by in your everyday life, In this book you will get almost all kinds of Phrases. If you like this book then please tell your friends.

First published in 1965, The Culture and Civilisation of Ancient India in Historical Outline is a strikingly original work, the first real cultural history of India. The main features of the Indian character are traced back into remote antiquity as the natural outgrowth of historical process. Did the change from food gathering and the pastoral life to agriculture make new religions necessary? Why did the Indian cities vanish with hardly a trace and leave no memory? Who were the Aryans – if any? Why should Buddhism, Jainism, and so many other sects of the same type come into being at one time and in the same region? How could Buddhism spread over so large a part of Asia while dying out completely in the land of its origin? What caused the rise and collapse of the Magadhan empire; was the Gupta empire fundamentally different from its great predecessor, or just one more ‘oriental despotism’? These are some of the many questions handled with great insight, yet in the simplest terms, in this stimulating work. This book will be of interest to students of history, sociology, archaeology, anthropology, cultural studies, South Asian studies and ethnic studies.

The contents of this book fall under two sections. Section-I consists of three exhaustive chapters, one in English and two in Tamil, dealing with all aspects of the Art of Translation and also providing an in-depth analysis of the problems of translating texts from Tamil into English in general and poetry in particular. These chapters form a strong theoretical basis for Section-II. Section-II contains select poems of five representative poets of the modern era, namely Na. Pichamurthy, Sirpi Balasubramaniam, Abdul Rahman, Manushya Puthiran and Tamizhachi Thangapandian, and their corresponding translations in English by me with a view to providing a practice-oriented approach to the process of translating Tamil poetry into English. In addition, each poet is briefly introduced highlighting the salient features of their poetry. In my approach, I have tried to be very close to the original texts literally and idiomatically as far as possible, and so consciously avoided more sophistication in translating them. The immediate purpose of this book is to offer certain practical insights into the various aspects of translation and help teachers and students of literature to grasp with ease the nuances of translation through model exercises. At the same time I fondly hope that this book will kindle the interest of anyone who has a natural bent for translation.

This book offers a critical synthesis of the archaeology of South Asia from the Neolithic period (c.6500 BCE), when domestication began, to the spread of Buddhism accompanying the Mauryan Emperor Asoka's reign (third century BCE). The authors examine the growth and character of the Indus civilisation, with its town planning, sophisticated drainage systems, vast cities and international trade. They also consider the strong cultural links between the Indus civilisation and the second, later period of South Asian urbanism which began in the first millennium BCE and developed through the early first millennium CE. In addition to examining the evidence for emerging urban complexity, this book gives equal weight to interactions between rural and urban communities across South Asia and considers the critical roles played by rural areas in social and economic development. The authors explore how narratives of continuity and transformation have been formulated in analyses of South Asia's Prehistoric and Early Historic archaeological record.

Correct English pronunciation is the most decisive problem that Indian speakers face while communicating with fluent or native speakers of the language. A high degree of proficiency in English and excellent communicative skills are essential in today’s industry for career development and job opportunities. With this in mind, A Handbook of English Phonetics and Pronunciation touches upon a wide variety of the basics of phonetics like air stream mechanisms, production and articulation of various speech sounds, stress, rhythm and dialogues in both orthography and phonetic transcription to cultivate indispensable pronunciation skills. The book includes elements of various phonetics syllabi of Indian universities for undergraduate, postgraduate and B.Ed students. It provides a structure for self-study and a personalized solution for your aspirations to ensure correct English pronunciation in various social and professional day-to-day contexts.