Collection of poetic songs (Tib. mgur) and instructions attributed to the first Traleg Rinpoche (Tib. Khra-legs Skyabs-mgon Nyi-ma-bkra-shis, flourished in the late 15th century), who is associated with Thrangu (Khra-ʼgu) Monastery and the Kagyu School of Tibetan Buddhism; includes recollection of successive lives and story of his relics.

The essays collected in The Selfless Ego propose an innovative approach to one of the most fascinating aspects of Tibetan literature: life writing. Departing from past schemes of interpretation, this book addresses issues of literary theory and identity construction, eluding the strictures imposed by the adoption of the hagiographical master narrative as synonymous with the genre. The book is divided into two parts. Ideally conceived as an 'introduction' to traditional forms of life writing as expressed in Buddhist milieus, Part I. Memory and Imagination in Tibetan Hagiographical Writing centres on the inner tensions between literary convention and self-expression that permeate indigenous hagiographies, mystical songs, records of teachings, and autobiographies. Part II: Conjuring Tibetan Lives explores the most unconventional traits of the genre, sifting through the narrative configuration of Tibetan biographical writings as 'liberation stories' to unearth those fragments of life that compose an individual’s multifaceted existence. This volume is the first to approach Tibetan life writing from a literary and narratological perspective, encompassing a wide range of disciplines, themes, media, and historical periods, and thus opening new and vibrant areas of research to future scholarship across the Humanities. The chapters in this book were originally published as two special issues of Life Writing.

Asia is a continent traumatized by its own past, as powerful nations vie with each other for dominance of the large landmass and its resources. A refugee monk travels through a part of the continent, to witness first-hand the effects of this competition on Asias land and its people. The innocent monk, displaced from his land, transforms over a period of time into the head of a major crime syndicate in Asia. The story is a work of fiction set in the backdrop of true events, highlighting invasions, birth of insurgencies, rise of organised crime and the operations of intelligence agencies in the region. Finally, the story is about an individuals struggle to maintain balance between love, hatred and righteousness, in the face of violent odds. In an attempt to live a normal life, the refugee views events from different perspectives; as a victim, a perpetrator, a witness and a monk. He finds wealth at the end of his struggle and finally at the pinnacle of success, he turns to spiritualism to find inner peace. The wheel of life turns a full circle and the monk resurfaces to triumph against all odds. History repeats itself with amazing consistency.

This book applies formal language and automata theory in the context of Tibetan computational linguistics; further, it constructs a Tibetan-spelling formal grammar system that generates a Tibetan-spelling formal language group, and an automata group that can recognize the language group. In addition, it investigates the application technologies of Tibetan-spelling formal language and automata. Given its creative and original approach, the book offers a valuable reference guide for researchers, teachers and graduate students in the field of computational linguistics.

A NOTE ON THE TEXT

The first-ever extensive biography of Tibet's most famous nonsectarian Buddhist lama Known as the “king of renunciates,” Jamgon Kongtrul Lodro Taye (1813–1899) forever changed the face of Buddhism through collecting, arranging, and disseminating the various lineage traditions of Tibet across sectarian lines. His extensive treasury collections of profound Buddhist teachings continue to be taught and transmitted throughout the Himalayas by all major traditions and represent the breadth and profundity of Tibetan Buddhist philosophy and practice. Jamgon Kongtrul was a polymath, dedicated retreatant, ritual expert, writer, and teacher from the eastern Tibetan kingdom of Derge. During the nineteenth century, while central Tibet experienced extreme sectarian divides, Jamgon Kongtrul, along with Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo and Chokgyur Lingpa, set about collecting, teaching, and transmitting the major practice traditions found in Tibet. Their activity—much of which did not adhere to the traditional divides of the Tibetan “schools” and included both tantric lineages coming from India as well as Tibetan treasure (terma) lineages—is one of the finest examples of Tibetan ecumenism, or Rimay, and Jamgon Kongtrul is perhaps the most famous among Tibet’s Rimay masters. This is the most accessible work available on Jamgon Kongtrul’s life, writings, and influence, written as a truly engaging historical biography. Alexander Gardner provides an intimate glimpse into the life of one of the most important Tibetan Buddhist teachers to have ever lived.

This book looks at a particular type of indigenous architecture that has developed in the city of Lhasa, the capital of Tibet. The focus is on the vernacular residential architecture in the form of the historic Lhasa Town House, as it was built and lived in from the mid-17th to mid-20th century. The book defines the Lhasa House as a distinct variety of traditional Tibetan architecture by providing a technical analysis and discussing the cultural framework and the development of a typology. (Series: HABITAT - INTERNATIONAL: Articles on International Urban Development / Schriften zur internationalen Stadtentwicklung - Vol. 18)

2. The prison system

How do you govern 130,000 people from exile? Tibet - and the struggles of diaspora Tibetans - are elements of an ongoing and highly debated issue. The Dalai Lama's democratisation process during his time in India from 1959-2011, and the subsequent election of Lobsang Sangay as prime minister-in-exile, marked to the Tibetan people the move away from a seemingly feudal societal structure and traditional theocratic governance. Central to these Tibetan democracy aspirations is the 'freedom struggle' in which Tibetans dream of an ideal politics which includes both Tibetans residing in Tibet and those in exile, with the ultimate goal of returning to a self-ruled Tibet. However, some have questioned whether the fight for democracy has helped or hindered a united and free Tibet. To elucidate this complex debate Trine Brox has undertaken extensive fieldwork investigating how democracy is viewed and practised amongst Tibetans in exile. In so doing, she explores how the Tibetans living in India imagine, organise and negotiate governance that is modern and democratic, but uniquely Tibetan. This is an important book for those with an interest in Tibet, diaspora communities and democracy.