A Change in Worlds explores the environmental, economic, and political history of the Sino-Tibetan Songpan region of northern Sichuan from the late imperial Qing Dynasty to the early 21st century. A historically Tibetan region on the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, with significant Han and Muslim Chinese populations, Songpan played important roles in the development of western and modern China’s ethnic relations policies, forestry sector, grasslands and environmental conservation, and recent developments in eco- and ethnic tourism as part of various Chinese states. However, in spite of close associations with various Tibetan and Chinese regimes, the region also has a rich history of local independence and resilient nomadic, semi-nomadic and agricultural populations and identities. The Sino-Tibetan diversity in Songpan, partly formed by unique ecological conditions, conditioned all attempts to incorporate the region into larger and more centralized state homogenizing structures. This historical study analyzes the social force of markets and nature in the Songpan region in concert with the political and social conflicts and compromise at the heart of changing political regimes and the area’s ethnic groups. It presents new perspectives on the social transformation and economies of Tibetans and Han Chinese from the late Qing Dynasty to Mao era and contemporary western China. It not only allows for a new understanding of how the natural environment and landscapes fit into the imagination of the Sino-Tibetan borderlands, it also figures in the challenges of negotiating ethnic and market relations among societies. The mix of complicated relations over natural environment, resources, politics and markets was at the heart of the region’s social and political infrastructures, with far-reaching implications for both historical and contemporary China.

Frontier Tibet addresses a historical sequence that sealed the future of the Sino-Tibetan borderlands. It considers how starting in the late nineteenth century imperial formations and emerging nation-states developed competing schemes of integration and debated about where the border between China and Tibet should be. It also ponders the ways in which this border is internalised today, creating within the People's Republic of China a space that retains some characteristics of a historical frontier. The region of eastern Tibet called Kham, the focus of this volume, is a productive lens through which processes of place-making and frontier dynamics can be analysed. Using historical records and ethnography, the authors challenge purely externalist approaches to convey a sense of Kham's own centrality and the agency of the actors involved. They contribute to a history from below that is relevant to the history of China and Tibet, and of comparative value for borderland studies.

The thirty-four essays in this volume follow the particular interests of Leonard van der Kuijp, whose groundbreaking research in Tibetan intellectual and cultural history imbued his students with an abiding sense of curiosity and discovery. As part of Leonard van der Kuijp’s research in Tibetan history, as he patiently and expertly revealed treasures of the Tibetan intellectual tradition in fourteenth-century Tsang, or seventeenth-century Lhasa, or eighteenth-century Amdo, he developed an international community of colleagues and students. The thirty-four essays in this volume follow the particular interests of the honoree and express the comprehensive research that his international cohort have engaged in alongside his generous tutelage over the course of forty years. He imbued his students with the abiding sense of curiosity and discovery that can be experienced through every one of his writings, and that can be found as well in these new essays in intellectual, cultural, and institutional history by Christopher Beckwith, the late Hubert Decleer, Franz-Karl Ehrhard, Jörg Heimbel and David Jackson, Isabelle Henrion-Dourcy, Nathan Hill, Matthew Kapstein, Kurtis Schaeffer, Michael Witzel, Allison Aitken, Yael Bentor, Pieter Verhagen, Todd Lewis, William McGrath, Peter Schwieger, Gray Tuttle, and others.

YESTERDAY'S TRIBE Reviewed: Kelsang Norbu; MY TWO FATHERS Reviewed: Sangs rgyas bkra shis; SMUG PA and CHU MIG DGU SGRI Reviewed: Konchok Gelek; KLU 'BUM MI RGOD Reviewed: Pad+ma rig 'dzin; PHYUR BA Reviewed: 'Brug mo skyid; TIBET'S BELOVED CHILD; Reviewed: Rinchenkhar; THE RISE OF GÖNPO NAMGYEL; Reviewed: Amy Holmes-Tagchungdarpa; IMAG(IN)ING THE NAGAS Reviewed: Mark Bender; THE DAWN OF TIBET Reviewed: Ivette M. Vargas-O'Bryan and Chelsea McGill; BRIGHT BLUE HIGHLAND BARLEY Reviewed: Limusishiden; A CACTUS OF TEARS and THE TUYUHUN KINGDOM Reviewed: Wu Jing; A CHANGE IN WORLDS Reviewed: Bill Bleisch; TIBETAN LITERARY GENRES Reviewed: Tricia Kehoe; LANGUAGE IN AN AMDO TIBETAN VILLAGE Reviewed: Zoe Tribur; EARLY CARPETS AND TAPESTRIES Reviewed: Juha Komppa; FOUNDING AN EMPIRE 1790-1840 Reviewed: Hilary Howes; CHINESE MUSLIMS Reviewed: Bianca Horlemann; THARLO and THE SACRED ARROW Reviewed: Khashem Gyal; RIVER Reviewed: Phun tshogs dbang rgyal; and AMNYE MACHEN MOUNTAIN CIRCUMAMBULATION Reviewed: Bill Bleisch. Contents Book Reviews 9-15 Yesterday's Tribe Reviewed by Kelsang Norbu 16-38 My Two Fathers Reviewed by Sangs rgyas bkra shis 39-45 Smug pa Reviewed by Konchok Gelek 46-50 Chu mig dgu sgri Reviewed by Konchok Gelek 51-65 Klu 'bum mi rgod Reviewed by Pad+ma rig 'dzin 66-72 Phyur ba Reviewed by 'Brug mo skyid 73-87 Tibet's Beloved Child Reviewed by Rinchenkhar 88-92 The Rise of Gönpo Namgyel in Kham Reviewed by Amy Holmes-Tagchungdarpa 93-97 Imag(in)ing the Nagas Reviewed by Mark Bender 98-104 The Dawn of Tibet Reviewed by Ivette M. Vargas-O'Bryan 105-110 The Dawn of Tibet Reviewed by Chelsea McGill 111-121 Bright Blue Highland Barley Reviewed by Limusishiden 122-131 A Cactus of Tears and The Tuyuhun Kingdom Reviewed by Wu Jing 132-144 A Change in Worlds on the Sino-Tibetan Borderlands Reviewed by Bill Bleisch 145-149 Tibetan Literary Genres, Texts, and Text Types Reviewed by Tricia Kehoe 150-158 Language Variation and Change in an Amdo Tibetan Village: Gender, Education and Resistance Reviewed by Zoe Tribur 159-171 Early Carpets and Tapestries on the Eastern Silk Road Reviewed by Juha Komppa 172-180 Founding an Empire on India's North-Eastern Frontiers 1790-1840 Reviewed by Hilary Howes 181-185 Chinese Muslims and the Global Ummah Reviewed by Bianca Horlemann Film Reviews 187-209 Tharlo and The Sacred Arrow Reviewed by Khashem Gyal 210-220 River Reviewed by Phun tshogs dbang rgyal 221-224 Amnye Machen Mountain Circumambulation Reviewed by Bill Bleisch

How the prized matsutake mushroom is remaking human communities in China—and providing new ways to understand human and more-than-human worlds What a Mushroom Lives For pushes today’s mushroom renaissance in compelling new directions. For centuries, Western science has promoted a human- and animal-centric framework of what counts as action, agency, movement, and behavior. But, as Michael Hathaway shows, the world-making capacities of mushrooms radically challenge this orthodoxy by revealing the lively dynamism of all forms of life. The book tells the fascinating story of one particularly prized species, the matsutake, and the astonishing ways it is silently yet powerfully shaping worlds, from the Tibetan plateau to the mushrooms’ final destination in Japan. Many Tibetan and Yi people have dedicated their lives to picking and selling this mushroom—a delicacy that drives a multibillion-dollar global trade network and that still grows only in the wild, despite scientists’ intensive efforts to cultivate it in urban labs. But this is far from a simple story of humans exploiting a passive, edible commodity. Rather, the book reveals the complex, symbiotic ways that mushrooms, plants, humans, and other animals interact. It explores how the world looks to the mushrooms, as well as to the people who have grown rich harvesting them. A surprise-filled journey into science and human culture, this exciting and provocative book shows how fungi shape our planet and our lives in strange, diverse, and often unimaginable ways.

In Amdo, a region of eastern Tibet incorporated into mainland China, young children are being raised in a time of social change. In the first decades of the twenty-first century, Chinese state development policies are catalysing rural to urban migration, consolidating schooling in urban centres, and leading Tibetan farmers and nomads to give up their traditional livelihoods. As a result, children face increasing pressure to adopt the state’s official language of Mandarin. Amdo Lullaby charts the contrasting language socialization trajectories of rural and urban children from one extended family, who are native speakers of a Tibetan language known locally as “Farmer Talk.” By integrating a fine-grained analysis of everyday conversations and oral history interviews, linguistic anthropologist Shannon M. Ward examines the forms of migration and resulting language contact that contribute to Farmer Talk’s unique grammatical structures, and that shape Amdo Tibetan children’s language choices. This analysis reveals that young children are not passively abandoning their mother tongue for standard Mandarin, but instead are reformatting traditional Amdo Tibetan cultural associations among language, place, and kinship as they build their peer relationships in everyday play.

A Companion to Chinese History presents a collection of essays offering a comprehensive overview of the latest intellectual developments in the study of China’s history from the ancient past up until the present day. Covers the major trends in the study of Chinese history from antiquity to the present day Considers the latest scholarship of historians working in China and around the world Explores a variety of long-range questions and themes which serves to bridge the conventional divide between China’s traditional and modern eras Addresses China’s connections with other nations and regions and enables non-specialists to make comparisons with their own fields Features discussion of traditional topics and chronological approaches as well as newer themes such as Chinese history in relation to sexuality, national identity, and the environment

In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the region of Liangshan in southwest China was plagued by violence. Indigenous Nuosu communities clashed with Han migrants, the Qing and Republican states, and local warlords. Large numbers of Nuosu and Han alike were kidnapped and killed in widespread patterns of captive taking. The first English-language history of Liangshan, A Frontier Made Lawless challenges the view that the persistent turmoil was the result of population pressures, opium production, and the growth of local paramilitary groups. Instead, Joseph Lawson argues that the conflict resulted from the lack of a common framework for dealing with property disputes, compounded by the repeated destabilization of the region by turmoil elsewhere in China. Drawing on a range of sources including court records, locals’ memoirs, regional government records and surveys, and Nuosu epic poetry, Lawson adds new insights and comparative perspectives to the study of conflict in Liangshan.

The focus of the study is the Tibetan and Tibetanized border populations in the little known Himalayan high-valley of Nyishang in West Central Nepal close to the Tibetan border. There, a group of traders have greatly extended their external relations over the past century in the form of long-distance trade ventures, thereby thoroughly changing the internal conditions of socio-economic organizations in their home district. The object of the study is to establish whether larger geohistorical processes of structural change may be conceptualized in such a way as to link structuration at the level of the localized social group to the dynamics of the wider regional setting.

Ge bcags (Gebchak) dgon pa, founded in 1892 in Nang chen, Khams (Qinghai Province, PRC), is still active today with around 250 nuns practising intensive Vajrayāna rituals, yogas and meditation. The nuns’ knowledge goal is embodied, nonconceptual awareness, yet they spend many hours daily reading texts as part of their training. By investigating the whole context of the nuns’ lifeworld and ways of learning, this ethnography questions the role of reading in Ge bcags’ tacit knowledge tradition. At a time when Tibetan learning practices are quickly modernising, this book demonstrates a Buddhist tradition whose textual knowledge is not exactly literal, but cultivated through continuous, whole person learning.