The Towneley plays are a collection of biblical plays in the Huntington Library's MS HM 1, a manuscript once owned by the Towneley family of Towneley Hall, Lancashire. Once thought to constitute a cycle of plays from the town of Wakefield in Yorkshire's West Riding, the collection includes some of the best-known examples of medieval English drama, including the much-anthologized Second Shepherds Play.

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This volume provides a detailed overview of the Towneley cycle of plays, which were written c. 1500. The plays begin with the fall of Lucifer and end with the Last Judgement. Peter Happé examines the cycle's textual and manuscript history and discusses issues of language and style, the structure of the cycle, and its possible sources and analogues. He also addresses the historical and religious context of the cycle and its performance history.

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The new Early English Text Society edition of The Towneley Plays replaces the edition by George England and Alfred W. Pollard, published nearly one hundred years ago by the Early English Text Society. Apart from the corrections of errors in the transcription of the text, the new edition offers a comprehensive introduction, body of notes, and glossary. It also presents the text in a new format, based on an examination of the manuscript, by expanding stanzas attributed to the so-called`Wakefield Master' from nine lines (with some internal rhyme) to thirteen lines. The Townley Plays manuscript dates approximately to the year 1500. The plays is contains are often considered the most interesting and stylistically intricate among all those surviving in extant cycles. By both internal and external evidence they are traceable to the city of Wakefield, where they were apparently performed over much of the sixteenth century. Most notable among the contents of the manuscript is`The Second Shepherds Play', which is included in many literary and dramatic anthologies. The cycle itself contains 32 plays on the subject of salvation history from the Creation to the Last Judgement.