States Of Credit
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Author |
: David Stasavage |
Publisher |
: Princeton University Press |
Total Pages |
: 207 |
Release |
: 2011-07-05 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9781400838875 |
ISBN-13 |
: 1400838878 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (75 Downloads) |
Synopsis States of Credit by : David Stasavage
States of Credit provides the first comprehensive look at the joint development of representative assemblies and public borrowing in Europe during the medieval and early modern eras. In this pioneering book, David Stasavage argues that unique advances in political representation allowed certain European states to gain early and advantageous access to credit, but the emergence of an active form of political representation itself depended on two underlying factors: compact geography and a strong mercantile presence. Stasavage shows that active representative assemblies were more likely to be sustained in geographically small polities. These assemblies, dominated by mercantile groups that lent to governments, were in turn more likely to preserve access to credit. Given these conditions, smaller European city-states, such as Genoa and Cologne, had an advantage over larger territorial states, including France and Castile, because mercantile elites structured political institutions in order to effectively monitor public credit. While creditor oversight of public funds became an asset for city-states in need of finance, Stasavage suggests that the long-run implications were more ambiguous. City-states with the best access to credit often had the most closed and oligarchic systems of representation, hindering their ability to accept new economic innovations. This eventually transformed certain city-states from economic dynamos into rentier republics. Exploring the links between representation and debt in medieval and early modern Europe, States of Credit contributes to broad debates about state formation and Europe's economic rise.
Author |
: Josh Lauer |
Publisher |
: Columbia University Press |
Total Pages |
: 393 |
Release |
: 2017-07-25 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9780231544627 |
ISBN-13 |
: 0231544626 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (27 Downloads) |
Synopsis Creditworthy by : Josh Lauer
The first consumer credit bureaus appeared in the 1870s and quickly amassed huge archives of deeply personal information. Today, the three leading credit bureaus are among the most powerful institutions in modern life—yet we know almost nothing about them. Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion are multi-billion-dollar corporations that track our movements, spending behavior, and financial status. This data is used to predict our riskiness as borrowers and to judge our trustworthiness and value in a broad array of contexts, from insurance and marketing to employment and housing. In Creditworthy, the first comprehensive history of this crucial American institution, Josh Lauer explores the evolution of credit reporting from its nineteenth-century origins to the rise of the modern consumer data industry. By revealing the sophistication of early credit reporting networks, Creditworthy highlights the leading role that commercial surveillance has played—ahead of state surveillance systems—in monitoring the economic lives of Americans. Lauer charts how credit reporting grew from an industry that relied on personal knowledge of consumers to one that employs sophisticated algorithms to determine a person's trustworthiness. Ultimately, Lauer argues that by converting individual reputations into brief written reports—and, later, credit ratings and credit scores—credit bureaus did something more profound: they invented the modern concept of financial identity. Creditworthy reminds us that creditworthiness is never just about economic "facts." It is fundamentally concerned with—and determines—our social standing as an honest, reliable, profit-generating person.
Author |
: Claire Priest |
Publisher |
: Princeton University Press |
Total Pages |
: 248 |
Release |
: 2022-12-20 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9780691241722 |
ISBN-13 |
: 0691241724 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (22 Downloads) |
Synopsis Credit Nation by : Claire Priest
How American colonists laid the foundations of American capitalism with an economy built on credit Even before the United States became a country, laws prioritizing access to credit set colonial America apart from the rest of the world. Credit Nation examines how the drive to expand credit shaped property laws and legal institutions in the colonial and founding eras of the republic. In this major new history of early America, Claire Priest describes how the British Parliament departed from the customary ways that English law protected land and inheritance, enacting laws for the colonies that privileged creditors by defining land and slaves as commodities available to satisfy debts. Colonial governments, in turn, created local legal institutions that enabled people to further leverage their assets to obtain credit. Priest shows how loans backed with slaves as property fueled slavery from the colonial era through the Civil War, and that increased access to credit was key to the explosive growth of capitalism in nineteenth-century America. Credit Nation presents a new vision of American economic history, one where credit markets and liquidity were prioritized from the outset, where property rights and slaves became commodities for creditors' claims, and where legal institutions played a critical role in the Stamp Act crisis and other political episodes of the founding period.
Author |
: United States. National Commission on Consumer Finance |
Publisher |
: |
Total Pages |
: 322 |
Release |
: 1972 |
ISBN-10 |
: UCSD:31822024338451 |
ISBN-13 |
: |
Rating |
: 4/5 (51 Downloads) |
Synopsis Consumer Credit in the United States by : United States. National Commission on Consumer Finance
Author |
: Dan Immergluck |
Publisher |
: Routledge |
Total Pages |
: 329 |
Release |
: 2016-07-08 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9781315498126 |
ISBN-13 |
: 131549812X |
Rating |
: 4/5 (26 Downloads) |
Synopsis Credit to the Community by : Dan Immergluck
This book provides the most comprehensive examination of community reinvestment and fair lending problems and policies currently available. It outlines the history of lending discrimination and redlining in U.S. mortgage and small business lending markets, and documents the persistence of such problems today. The author explains the role that government has played in developing banking and credit markets in the United States, from the creation of Alexander Hamilton's First Bank of the United States to the ongoing support government provides through the subsidization of secondary markets and through maintenance of critical regulatory infrastructure. Immergluck takes issue with those calling for deregulation of financial services - especially in the arena of fair lending and consumer protection - and gives new voice to rationales for social contract policies such as the Community Reinvestment Act. He provides new long-term analysis of the failure of federal bank regulators to enforce the CRA, and also shows how increased community activism and media attention have led to sporadic periods of stronger CRA enforcement. Finally, he recommends a number of policy changes that are needed to modernize the nation's fair lending and community reinvestment laws and make them more relevant for the 21st century.
Author |
: Andreas Wiedemann |
Publisher |
: Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages |
: 345 |
Release |
: 2021-07-08 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9781108983716 |
ISBN-13 |
: 1108983715 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (16 Downloads) |
Synopsis Indebted Societies by : Andreas Wiedemann
In many rich democracies, access to financial markets is now a prerequisite for fully participating in labor and housing markets and pursuing educational opportunities. Indebted Societies introduces a new social policy theory of everyday borrowing to examine how the rise of credit as a private alternative to the welfare state creates a new kind of social and economic citizenship. Andreas Wiedemann provides a rich study of income volatility and rising household indebtedness across OECD countries. Weaker social policies and a flexible knowledge economy have increased costs for housing, education, and raising a family - forcing many people into debt. By highlighting how credit markets interact with welfare states, the book helps explain why similar groups of people are more indebted in some countries than others. Moreover, it addresses the fundamental question of whether individuals, states, or markets should be responsible for addressing socio-economic risks and providing social opportunities.
Author |
: Sarah L. Quinn |
Publisher |
: Princeton University Press |
Total Pages |
: 310 |
Release |
: 2019-07-16 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9780691185613 |
ISBN-13 |
: 0691185611 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (13 Downloads) |
Synopsis American Bonds by : Sarah L. Quinn
How the American government has long used financial credit programs to create economic opportunities Federal housing finance policy and mortgage-backed securities have gained widespread attention in recent years because of the 2008 financial crisis, but issues of government credit have been part of American life since the nation’s founding. From the 1780s, when a watershed national land credit policy was established, to the postwar foundations of our current housing finance system, American Bonds examines the evolution of securitization and federal credit programs. Sarah Quinn shows that since the Westward expansion, the U.S. government has used financial markets to manage America’s complex social divides, and politicians and officials across the political spectrum have turned to land sales, home ownership, and credit to provide economic opportunity without the appearance of market intervention or direct wealth redistribution. Highly technical systems, securitization, and credit programs have been fundamental to how Americans determined what they could and should owe one another. Over time, government officials embraced credit as a political tool that allowed them to navigate an increasingly complex and fractured political system, affirming the government’s role as a consequential and creative market participant. Neither intermittent nor marginal, credit programs supported the growth of powerful industries, from railroads and farms to housing and finance; have been used for disaster relief, foreign policy, and military efforts; and were promoters of amortized mortgages, lending abroad, venture capital investment, and mortgage securitization. Illuminating America’s market-heavy social policies, American Bonds illustrates how political institutions became involved in the nation’s lending practices.
Author |
: United States. Bureau of Federal Credit Unions |
Publisher |
: |
Total Pages |
: 30 |
Release |
: 1965 |
ISBN-10 |
: UOM:39015085140732 |
ISBN-13 |
: |
Rating |
: 4/5 (32 Downloads) |
Synopsis State-chartered Credit Unions by : United States. Bureau of Federal Credit Unions
Author |
: Lendol Glen Calder |
Publisher |
: |
Total Pages |
: 408 |
Release |
: 1999 |
ISBN-10 |
: STANFORD:36105020197047 |
ISBN-13 |
: |
Rating |
: 4/5 (47 Downloads) |
Synopsis Financing the American Dream by : Lendol Glen Calder
Content Description #Revision of author's thesis (doctoral)--University of Chicago, 1993.#Includes bibliographical references and index.
Author |
: United States. National Credit Union Administration |
Publisher |
: |
Total Pages |
: 40 |
Release |
: 1976 |
ISBN-10 |
: OSU:32435020533451 |
ISBN-13 |
: |
Rating |
: 4/5 (51 Downloads) |
Synopsis State-chartered Credit Unions by : United States. National Credit Union Administration