This volume is devoted to the synthesis, application, structure, and physicochemical properties of nitroazoles (five-membered aromatic compounds). The book is unique in providing the first comprehensive treatment of nitroazoles.

The two-volume set LNCS 14388 and 14389 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th Russian Supercomputing Days International Conference (RuSCDays 2023) held in Moscow, Russia, during September 25-26, 2023. The 44 full papers and 1 short paper presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 104 submissions. The papers have been organized in the following topical sections: supercomputer simulation; distributed computing; and HPC, BigData, AI: algorithms, technologies, evaluation.

Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry, Volume 133 is the latest release in this definitive series of great importance to organic chemists, polymer chemists, and many biological scientists. Because biology and organic chemistry increasingly intersect, the associated nomenclature also is being used more frequently in explanations. Written by established authorities in the field from around the world, this comprehensive review contains comprehensive chapters on Organosilicon azoles: Structure, silylotropy and NMR spectroscopy, Recent advances in the Nenitzescu indole synthesis (1990–2019), One-pot reactions of three-membered rings giving N,O,S-heterocycles, Organometallic complexes of functionalized chelating azines: Part 2, and more. Presents the definitive serial in the field of heterocyclic chemistry Serves as the go-to reference for organic chemists, polymer chemists and many biological scientists Provides the latest comprehensive reviews as written by established authorities in the field Combines descriptive synthetic chemistry and mechanistic insight to enhance understanding of how chemistry drives the preparation and useful properties of heterocyclic compounds

This book provides a comprehensive overview of nucleophilic aromatic substitutions, focusing on the mechanistic and synthetic features that govern these reactions. The first chapter presents a detailed mechanistic analysis of the factors determining the feasibility of SNAr substitutions, providing decisive information to predict regioselectivity of many reactions and to define the conditions for concerted SNAr processes. Reflecting the key role played by these species as intermediates in most SNAr reactions, chapter 2 then discusses the chemistry of anionic sigma-complexes. Chapter 3 describes the concept of superelectrophilicity in SNAr substitutions, as it has recently emerged from the reactivity of strongly electron-deficient aromatic and heteroaromatic structures. The numerous synthetic applications are considered in depth in the chapters 4 and 5 that follow on intermolecular and intramolecular nucleophilic aromatic substitutions. Then, chapter 6 focuses on substitutions proceeding formally through displacement of a hydride ion, a hot topic in the field. The final chapter brings together concise yet comprehensive discussions surrounding SNAr photosubstitutions, radical substitutions, and ANRORC substitutions. Authored by a highly respected chemist who has contributed greatly to the field over the past two decades, this is a valuable information source for all organic chemists working in academia or the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries.

Developed and expanded from the work presented at the New Energetic Materials and Propulsion Techniques for Space Exploration workshop in June 2014, this book contains new scientific results, up-to-date reviews, and inspiring perspectives in a number of areas related to the energetic aspects of chemical rocket propulsion. This collection covers the entire life of energetic materials from their conceptual formulation to practical manufacturing; it includes coverage of theoretical and experimental ballistics, performance properties, as well as laboratory-scale and full system-scale, handling, hazards, environment, ageing, and disposal. Chemical Rocket Propulsion is a unique work, where a selection of accomplished experts from the pioneering era of space propulsion and current technologists from the most advanced international laboratories discuss the future of chemical rocket propulsion for access to, and exploration of, space. It will be of interest to both postgraduate and final-year undergraduate students in aerospace engineering, and practicing aeronautical engineers and designers, especially those with an interest in propulsion, as well as researchers in energetic materials.

Chemistry of High-Energy Materials continues in this new and revised 3rd edition to provide fundamental scientific insights into primary and secondary explosives, propellants, rocket fuel and pyrotechnics. The contents of the previous edition were meticulously updated and recent research developments added to this graduate-level textbook. Applications in military and civil fields are discussed. Especially environmental issues caused by lead-based primary explosives, perchlorates in pyrotechnic formulations and modern signal flare compositions are discussed and current research presented. Further additions include the understanding of the mechanism and continuing development of laser ignition methods, techniques for the characterization of detonators and their output as well as principles and effects of underwater explosions. New in the 3rd Edition: • Revised and updated content, new study problems and questions. • Extended examination of the application of ionic liquids in the field and hydrodynamics. • Intended for advanced students in chemistry, materials science and engineering, as well as to all those working in defense technology. "This book makes a nice addition to the shelf of everyone involved with energetic materials. As such it is recommended as a very useful reference for both students and experienced readers." Ernst-Christian Koch on the 2nd Edition in: Propellants Explosive Pyrotechnics 16/2011 Upcoming titles by Thomas M. Klapötke: Energetic Materials Encyclopedia (January 2018) Thomas M. Klapötke CSci CChem FRSC was from 1995 until 1997 Ramsay Professor of Chemistry at the University of Glasgow in Scotland. Since 1997 he has held the Chair of Inorganic Chemistry at LMU Munich.

Advanced energetic materialsâ€"explosive fill and propellantsâ€"are a critical technology for national security. While several new promising concepts and formulations have emerged in recent years, the Department of Defense is concerned about the nation's ability to maintain and improve the knowledge base in this area. To assist in addressing these concerns, two offices within DOD asked the NRC to investigate and assess the scope and health of the U.S. R&D efforts in energetic materials. This report provides that assessment. It presents several findings about the current R&D effort and recommendations aimed at improving U.S. capabilities in developing new energetic materials technology. This study reviewed U.S. research and development in advanced energetics being conducted by DoD, the DoE national laboratories, industries, and academia, from a list provided by the sponsors. It also: (a) reviewed papers and technology assessments of non-U.S. work in advanced energetics, assessed important parameters, such as validity, viability, and the likelihood that each of these materials can be produced in quantity; (b) identified barriers to scale-up and production, and suggested technical approaches for addressing potential problems; and (c) suggested specific opportunities, strategies, and priorities for government sponsorship of technologies and manufacturing process development.