The purpose of this book is to present an up to date account of fuzzy ideals of a semiring. The book concentrates on theoretical aspects and consists of eleven chapters including three invited chapters. Among the invited chapters, two are devoted to applications of Semirings to automata theory, and one deals with some generalizations of Semirings. This volume may serve as a useful hand book for graduate students and researchers in the areas of Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science.

The purpose of this book is to present an up to date account of fuzzy ideals of a semiring. The book concentrates on theoretical aspects and consists of eleven chapters including three invited chapters. Among the invited chapters, two are devoted to applications of Semirings to automata theory, and one deals with some generalizations of Semirings. This volume may serve as a useful hand book for graduate students and researchers in the areas of Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science.

This work is an updated and considerably expanded version of the author's book The Theory of Semirings, with Applications to Mathematics and Theoretical Science, which has been recognized as the definitive reference work in this area. This edition includes many of the new results in this area, as well as further applications of semiring theory in such areas as idempotent analysis, discrete dynamical systems, formal language theory, fuzzy set theory, optimization etc. The book contains an extensive bibliography and a large number of examples. Audience: This book is aimed both at mathematicians and at researchers in applied mathematics and theoretical computer science. It is also suitable for use as a graduate-level textbook.

This volume presents a short guide to the extensive literature concerning semir ings along with a complete bibliography. The literature has been created over many years, in variety of languages, by authors representing different schools of mathematics and working in various related fields. In many instances the terminology used is not universal, which further compounds the difficulty of locating pertinent sources even in this age of the Internet and electronic dis semination of research results. So far there has been no single reference that could guide the interested scholar or student to the relevant publications. This book is an attempt to fill this gap. My interest in the theory of semirings began in the early sixties, when to gether with Bogdan W ~glorz I tried to investigate some algebraic aspects of compactifications of topological spaces, semirings of semicontinuous functions, and the general ideal theory for special semirings. (Unfortunately, local alge braists in Poland told me at that time that there was nothing interesting in investigating semiring theory because ring theory was still being developed). However, some time later we became aware of some similar investigations hav ing already been done. The theory of semirings has remained "my first love" ever since, and I have been interested in the results in this field that have been appearing in literature (even though I have not been active in this area myself).

This book includes results of the seventh International Conference on Fuzzy Information and Engineering (ICFIE'2014) and the 1st International Conference of Operations Research and Management (ICORM'2014) on November 7-11, 2014 in ZhuHai, China. The book, contains 35 selected high-quality papers, and is divided into five main parts: Part I focuses on ``Fuzzy Systems and Its Applications", Part II on ``Fuzzy Mathematics and Its Applications", Part III discusses ``Fuzzy Information and Computer", Part IV is devoted to ``Operations Research and Management and Its Applications" and Part V includes various other topics.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Mathematics and Computation in Music, MCM 2019, held in Madrid, Spain, in June 2019. The 22 full papers and 10 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 48 submissions. The papers feature research that combines mathematics or computation with music theory, music analysis, composition, and performance. They are organized in topical sections on algebraic and other abstract mathematical approaches to understanding musical objects; remanaging Riemann: mathematical music theory as “experimental philosophy”?; octave division; computer-based approaches to composition and score structuring; models for music cognition and beat tracking; pedagogy of mathematical music theory. The chapter “Distant Neighbors and Interscalar Contiguities” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

There is no branch of mathematics, however abstract, which may not some day be applied to phenomena of the real world. - Nikolai Ivanovich Lobatchevsky This book is an extensively-revised and expanded version of "The Theory of Semirings, with Applicationsin Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science" [Golan, 1992], first published by Longman. When that book went out of print, it became clear - in light of the significant advances in semiring theory over the past years and its new important applications in such areas as idempotent analysis and the theory of discrete-event dynamical systems - that a second edition incorporating minor changes would not be sufficient and that a major revision of the book was in order. Therefore, though the structure of the first «dition was preserved, the text was extensively rewritten and substantially expanded. In particular, references to many interesting and applications of semiring theory, developed in the past few years, had to be added. Unfortunately, I find that it is best not to go into these applications in detail, for that would entail long digressions into various domains of pure and applied mathematics which would only detract from the unity of the volume and increase its length considerably. However, I have tried to provide an extensive collection of examples to arouse the reader's interest in applications, as well as sufficient citations to allow the interested reader to locate them. For the reader's convenience, an index to these citations is given at the end of the book .

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Developments in Language Theory, DLT 2011, held in Milano, Italy, in July 2011. The 34 regular papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The volume also contains the papers or abstracts of 5 invited speakers, as well as a 2-page abstract for each of the 7 poster papers. The topics covered include grammars, acceptors and transducers for words, trees and graphs; algebraic theories of automata; codes; symbolic dynamics; algorithmic, combinatorial and algebraic properties of words and languages; decidability questions; applications of language theory, including: natural computing, image manipulation and compression, text algorithms, cryptography, concurrency, complexity theory and logic; cellular automata and multidimensional patterns; language theory aspects of quantum computing and bio-computing.

This book contains original reviews by well-known workers in the field of mathematical linguistics and formal language theory, written in honour of Professor Solomon Marcus on the occasion of his 70th birthday.Some of the papers deal with contextual grammars, a class of generative devices introduced by Marcus, motivated by descriptive linguistics. Others are devoted to grammar systems, a very modern branch of formal language theory. Automata theory and the algebraic approach to computer science are other well-represented areas. While the contributions are mathematically oriented, practical issues such as cryptography, grammatical inference and natural language processing are also discussed.