Inhabited for over 5,000 years before European colonization, the site of La Tiza in Peru’s Nasca Desert provides an unprecedented opportunity to examine the dynamics of ancient complex societies. This volume takes a long temporal perspective on La Tiza from the Preceramic through the Inca era, studying the site within the context of broader developments such as the rise of Nasca culture, subsequent conquest by the Wari Empire, collapse, abandonment, and the reformation of a new society. Christina Conlee synthesizes data she obtained while directing a multi-year excavation at the site with data from other investigations to reconstruct the development of social complexity over time. She includes detailed descriptions of the stratigraphy and artifacts, carefully separating materials from each period. Exploring how political integration, religious practices, economics, and the environment shaped societal transformations at La Tiza, Conlee offers patterns that can be found in other areas and can be used to understand the development of other long-lasting civilizations.

Inhabited for over 5000 years before European colonization, the site of La Tiza in Peru's Nasca Desert provides an unprecedented opportunity to examine the dynamics of ancient complex societies. This volume takes a long temporal perspective on La Tiza from the Preceramic through the Inca era, studying the site within the context of broader developments.

This well-illustrated, concise text will serve as a benchmark study of the Nasca people and culture for years to come.

This book presents outstanding chapter contributions on the Nasca culture in a variety of artistic expressions such as architecture, geoglyphs, ceramics, music, and textiles. The approach, based on the integration of science with archaeology and anthropology, sheds new light on the Nasca civilization. In particular the multidisciplinary character of the contributions and earth observation technologies provide new information on geoglyphs, the monumental ceremonial architecture of Cahuachi, and the adaptation strategies in the Nasca desert by means of sophisticated and effective aqueduct systems. Finally, archaeological looting and vandalism are covered. This book will be of interest to students, archaeologists, historians, scholars of Andean civilizations, scientists in physical anthropology, remote sensing, geophysics, and cultural heritage management.

An account of the history of research on the Nazca Lines, and of Maria Reiche, who has devoted forty-five years to their study.

An enigmatic people lived on the coast of Peru between 2700 and 2000 years ago that academia spends little time studying. In the driest part of the country which receives less than half an inch of rain per year they were enormously successful at agriculture and fishing and were very advanced as regards textile production, had the potters wheel and constructed ships of totora reed with cotton cloth sails.The most intriguing characteristic of these Paracas people was that they had elongated heads, and through my research I can state that the earliest of them, especially their nobility were born with elongated skulls; cranial deformation of their infants being performed later due to genetic mixing with normal local Homo sapiens sapiens.They also had genetically red hair, and thus were most likely light skinned and may have had green or blue eyes; thus, they were not Native Americans. Recent and extensive DNA testing shows us that they very well could have migrated from the Black Sea area as much as 3000 years ago, and sought refuge from invasion and oppression.Academia has either ignored or suppressed this information, and that is why I present it to you here.