Advances in Optical Surface Texture Metrology covers the latest advances in the development of optical surface texture measuring instruments. Rather than concentrate on the basic principles of the optical measurement methods, this book takes a deeper dive into the operation of the instruments and the new application areas where they can be applied, with an emphasis on advanced manufacturing. Latest advances discussed will include the drive towards faster instruments for in-process applications, the ability to measure highly complex surfaces (in e.g. additive manufacturing) and advances in the use of machine learning to enhance data analysis. Part of IOP Series in Emerging Technologies in Optics and Photonics.

Advances in Optical Surface Texture Metrology covers the latest advances in the development of optical surface texture measuring instruments. Rather than concentrate on the basic principles of the optical measurement methods, this book takes a deeper dive into the operation of the instruments and the new application areas where they can be applied, with an emphasis on advanced manufacturing. Latest advances discussed will include the drive towards faster instruments for in-process applications, the ability to measure highly complex surfaces (in e.g. additive manufacturing) and advances in the use of machine learning to enhance data analysis. Part of IOP Series in Emerging Technologies in Optics and Photonics.

The measurement and characterisation of surface topography is crucial to modern manufacturing industry. The control of areal surface structure allows a manufacturer to radically alter the functionality of a part. Examples include structuring to effect fluidics, optics, tribology, aerodynamics and biology. To control such manufacturing methods requires measurement strategies. There is now a large range of new optical techniques on the market, or being developed in academia, that can measure areal surface topography. Each method has its strong points and limitations. The book starts with introductory chapters on optical instruments, their common language, generic features and limitations, and their calibration. Each type of modern optical instrument is described (in a common format) by an expert in the field. The book is intended for both industrial and academic scientists and engineers, and will be useful for undergraduate and postgraduate studies.

Advances in Optical Form and Coordinate Metrology covers the latest advances in the development of optical form and coordinate measuring instruments plus the manipulation of point cloud data. The book presents some basic principles of the optical measurement methods and takes a deeper look at the operation of the instruments and the new application areas where they can be applied, with an emphasis on advanced manufacturing. Latest advances discussed include the drive towards faster instruments for in-process applications, the ability to measure highly complex objects (in e.g. additive manufacturing), performance verification and advances in the use of machine learning to enhance data analysis. Part of IOP Series in Emerging Technologies in Optics and Photonics.

The function of a component part can be profoundly affected by its surface topography. There are many examples in nature of surfaces that have a well-controlled topography to affect their function. Examples include the hydrophobic effect of the lotus leaf, the reduction of fluid drag due to the riblet structure of shark skin, the directional adhesion of the gecko foot and the angular sensitivity of the multi-faceted fly eye. Surface structuring is also being used extensively in modern manufacturing. In this way many properties can be altered, for example optical, tribological, biological and fluidic. Previously, single line (profile) measurements were adequate to control manufacture of surfaces, but as the need to control the functionality of surfaces increases, there is a growing need for three-dimensional (areal) measurement and characterisation techniques. For this reason there has been considerable research, development and standardisation of areal techniques. This book will present the areal framework that is being adopted by the international community. Whereas previous books have concentrated on the measurement aspects, this book concentrates on the characterisation techniques, i.e. how to interpret the measurement data to give the appropriate (functional) information for a given task. The first part of the book presents the characterisation methods and the second part case studies that highlight the use of areal methods in a broad range of subject areas - from automobile manufacture to archaeology. Contents Introduction to Surface Topography The Areal Field Parameters The Areal Feature Parameters Areal Filtering Methods Areal Form Removal Areal Fractal Methods Choosing the Appropriate Parameter Characterisation of Individual Areal Features Multi-Scale Signature of Surface Topography Correlation of Areal Surface Texture Parameters to Solar Cell Efficiency Characterisation of Cylinder Liner Honing Textures for Production Control Characterisation of the Mechanical Bond Strength for Copper on Glass Plating Applications Inspection of Laser Structured Cams and Conrods Road Surfaces

Advanced Metrology: Freeform Surfaces provides the perfect guide for engineering designers and manufacturers interested in exploring the benefits of this technology. The inclusion of industrial case studies and examples will help readers to implement these techniques which are being developed across different industries as they offer improvements to the functional performance of products and reduce weight and cost. - Includes case studies in every chapter to help readers implement the techniques discussed - Provides unique advice from industry on hot subjects, including surface description and data processing - Features links to online content, including video, code and software

The fourth volume of this popular Book Series is devoted to optics, lasers and optical sensors, and written by 29 authors from academia and industry from 10 countries: Brazil, China, France, Germany, Greece, Israel, Russia, Serbia, USA and Vietnam. This book ensures that the readers will stay at the cutting edge of the field and get the right and effective start point and road map for the further researches and developments. By this way, they will be able to save more time for productive research activity and eliminate routine work.

The subject of this book is surface metrology, in particular two major aspects: surface texture and roundness. It has taken a long time for manufacturing engineers and designers to realise the usefulness of these features in quality of conformance and quality of design. Unfortunately this awareness has come at a time when engineers versed in the use and specification of surfaces are at a premium. Traditionally surface metrology usage has been dictated by engineers who have served long and demanding apprenticeships, usually in parallel with studies leading to technician-level qualifications. Such people understood the processes and the achievable accuracies of machine tools, thereby enabling them to match production capability with design requirements. This synergy, has been made possible by the understanding of adherence to careful metrological procedures and a detailed knowledge of surface measuring instruments and their operation, in addition to wider inspection room techniques. With the demise in the UK of polytechnics and technical colleges, this source of skilled technicians has all but dried up. The shortfall has been made up of semi skilled craftsmen, or inexperienced graduates who cannot be expected to satisfy tradition al or new technology needs. Miniaturisation, for example, has had a pro found effect. Engineering parts are now routinely being made with nanometre surface texture and fiatness. At these molecular and atomic scales, the engineer has to be a physicist.