The behavior of adjacent materials at the boundary where they meet is an essential aspect of creating new engineering materials. Grain Boundary Migration in Metals is an authoritative account of the physics of grain boundary motion, written by two highly respected researchers. They provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge regarding the migration process and how it affects microstructure evolution, focusing their treatment exclusively on the properties and behavior of grain boundaries with well defined geometry and crystallography. With their emphasis on applications-such as the characterization of microstructure and texture, recrystallization, and grain growth-the authors effectively fill the gap between the physics of grain boundary motion and its engineering practicality. The need for better microstructural design motivates permanent thrust for research in the field, and continued rapid progress appears inevitable. Grain Boundary Migration in Metals provides a solid foundation in the phenomena and serves as a valuable reference for professionals in materials science, solid state physics, and any industry engaged in metals production and the heat treatment of metals and alloys.

Freedoms in material choice based on combinatorial design, different directions of process optimization, and computational tools are a significant advantage of additive manufacturing technology. The combination of additive and information technologies enables rapid prototyping and rapid manufacturing models on the design stage, thereby significantly accelerating the design cycle in mechanical engineering. Modern and high-demand powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition methods allow obtaining functional complex shapes and functionally graded structures. Until now, the experimental parametric analysis remains as the main method during AM optimization. Therefore, an additional goal of this book is to introduce readers to new modeling and material's optimization approaches in the rapidly changing world of additive manufacturing of high-performance metals and alloys.

This collection represents a cross-section of the papers presented at the 6th International Conference on Recrystallization and Grain Growth. The volume is divided into nine sections: • Grain growth theory and simulation • Recrystallization theory and simulation • Low carbon and IF steels • High strength steels • Electrical steels • Stainless steels • Aluminum and magnesium alloys • Nickel and nickel based superalloys • Unconventional and advanced materials

This is a collection of papers presented at the 2nd International Congress on 3D Materials Science, an event organized by The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS). The conference provides the premier forum for presentations of current interest and significance to the three-dimensional characterization, visualization, quantitative analysis, modeling, and investigation of structure-property relationships of materials. The papers presented in the collection are divided into six sections: (1) Acquisition and Handling of 3D Data; (2) Microstructure/Property Relationship in 3D: Characterization and Simulation; (3) Microstructure/Property Relationship in 3D: Deformation and Damage; (4) New Experimental Techniques; (5) Analysis at the Nanoscale; and (6) Dynamic Processes.

A nuclear reactor operates in an environment where complex multi-physics and multi-scale phenomena exist, and it requires consideration of coupling among neutronics, thermal hydraulics, fuel performance, chemical dynamics, and coupling between the reactor core and first circuit. Safe, reliable, and economical operation can be achieved by leveraging high-fidelity numerical simulation, and proper considerations for coupling among different physics and required to provide powerful numerical simulation tools. In the past simplistic models for some of the physics phenomena are used, with the recent development of advanced numerical methods, software design, and high-performance computing power, the appeal of multi-physics and multi-scale modeling and simulation has been broadened.

The choice of a material for a certain application is made taking into account its properties. If, for example one would like to produce a table, a hard material is needed to guarantee the stability of the product, but the material should not be too hard so that manufacturing is still as easy as possible - in this simple example wood might be the material of choice. When coming to more advanced applications the required properties are becoming more complex and the manufacturer`s desire is to tailor the properties of the material to fit the needs. To let this dream come true, insights into the microstructure of materials is crucial to finally control the properties of the materials because the microstructure determines its properties. Written by leading scientists in the field of microstructural design of engineering materials, this book focuses on the evolution and behavior of granular microstructures of various advanced materials during plastic deformation and treatment at elevated temperatures. These topics provide essential background and practical information for materials scientists, metallurgists and solid state physicists.

This book summarizes the found insights of grain growth behavior, of multidimensional decomposition for regular grids to efficiently parallelize computing and how to simulate recrystallization by coupling the finite element method with the phase-field method for microstructure texture analysis. The frame of the book is created by the phase-field method, which is the tool used in this work, to investigate microstructure phenomena.

Modelling and simulation are disciplines of major importance for science and engineering. There is no science without models, and simulation has nowadays become a very useful tool, sometimes unavoidable, for development of both science and engineering. The main attractive feature of cellular automata is that, in spite of their conceptual simplicity which allows an easiness of implementation for computer simulation, as a detailed and complete mathematical analysis in principle, they are able to exhibit a wide variety of amazingly complex behaviour. This feature of cellular automata has attracted the researchers' attention from a wide variety of divergent fields of the exact disciplines of science and engineering, but also of the social sciences, and sometimes beyond. The collective complex behaviour of numerous systems, which emerge from the interaction of a multitude of simple individuals, is being conveniently modelled and simulated with cellular automata for very different purposes. In this book, a number of innovative applications of cellular automata models in the fields of Quantum Computing, Materials Science, Cryptography and Coding, and Robotics and Image Processing are presented.

Digital materials are integral to the modern design methods for industrial components and structures, allowing mechanical properties to be predicted from a description of the microstructure and behavior laws of the constituent parts. This book examines a wide range of material properties, from transport phenomena to the mechanics of materials and microstructure changes in physical metallurgy. The fundamental mechanisms of deformation, annealing and damage to materials involve complex atomic processes; these have been explored and studied by numerical simulations, such as molecular dynamics. In contrast to this minutely detailed approach, Digital Materials explores how these mechanisms can instead be integrated into an approach that considers the continuum of the physics and mechanics of materials at the mesoscopic scale. The book thus focuses on the mechanics of continuous media and the continuum thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The models displayed take the myriad properties of different materials into account, in particular their polycrystalline and/or composite natures; this becomes an intermediate step toward establishing effective laws for engineers in the processes of structure calculation and manufacturing.