This book is intended to be a valuable addition to students, engineers, scientists, industrialists, consultants and others providing greater insight into wind tunnel designs and their enormous research potential. It is a compilation of works from world experts on subsonic and supersonic wind tunnel designs, applicable to a diverse range of disciplines. The book is organised in two sections. The first section comprises of three chapters on various aspects of stationary and portable subsonic wind tunnel designs, followed by one chapter on supersonic wind tunnel and the final chapter discusses a method to address unsteadiness effects of fan blade rotation. The second section contains four chapters regarding wind tunnel applications across a multitude of engineering fields including civil, mechanical, chemical and environmental engineering.

This book is intended to be a valuable addition to students, engineers, scientists, industrialists, consultants and others providing greater insight into wind tunnel designs and their enormous research potential. It is a compilation of works from world experts on subsonic and supersonic wind tunnel designs, applicable to a diverse range of disciplines. The book is organised in two sections. The first section comprises of three chapters on various aspects of stationary and portable subsonic wind tunnel designs, followed by one chapter on supersonic wind tunnel and the final chapter discusses a method to address unsteadiness effects of fan blade rotation. The second section contains four chapters regarding wind tunnel applications across a multitude of engineering fields including civil, mechanical, chemical and environmental engineering.

Within the last 30 years wind tunnels have evolved as an indispensable aid to the practice of civil engineering. A wind tunnel is a tool used in aerodynamic research to study the effects of air moving past solid objects. A wind tunnel consists of a tubular passage with the object under test mounted in the middle. The earliest wind tunnels were invented towards the end of the 19th century, in the early days of aeronautic research, when many attempted to develop successful heavier-than-air flying machines. The wind tunnel was envisioned as a means of reversing the usual paradigm: instead of the air standing still and an object moving at speed through it, the same effect would be obtained if the object stood still and the air moved at speed past it. Wind tunnels are designed for a specific purpose and speed range and there is a wide variety of wind tunnel types and model instrumentation. Applications of wind-tunnel research range from routine testing of airframes to fundamental research on the boundary layer, the slow-moving layer of air adjacent to any wind-exposed body surface. Measurements of air pressure and other characteristics at many points on the model yield information about how the total wind load is distributed. In addition to aircraft and spacecraft, aerodynamic studies in wind tunnels have been highly profitable devices for solving design problems in automobiles, boats, trains, bridges, and building structures. Wind Tunnel Designs and Their Diverse Engineering Applications is intended to be a valuable addition to students, engineers, scientists, industrialists, consultants and others providing greater insight into wind tunnel designs and their enormous research potential.

This book presents selected contributions to the Symposium of Aeronautical and Aerospace Processes, Materials and Industrial Applications of the XXV International Materials Research Congress (IMRC). Each chapter addresses scientific principles behind processing and production of materials for aerospace/aeronautical applications. The chapter deals with microstructural characterization including composites materials and metals. The second chapter deals with corrosion in aerospace components is a large and expensive problema for aerospace industry. Finally, the last chapter covers modeling and simulation of different processes to evaluate and optimize the forming process. This book is meant to be useful to academics and professionals.

This book presents experimental techniques in the field of aerodynamics, a discipline that is essential in numerous areas, such as the design of aerial and ground vehicles and engines, the production of energy, and understanding the wind resistance of buildings. Aerodynamics is not only concerned with improving the performance and comfort of vehicles, but also with reducing their environmental impact. The book provides updated information on the experimental and technical methods used by aerodynamicists, engineers and researchers. It describes the various types of wind tunnels – from subsonic to hypersonic – as well as the problems posed by their design and operation. The book also focuses on metrology, which has allowed us to gain a detailed understanding of the local properties of flows, and examines current developments toward creating a methodology combining experiments and numerical simulations: the computer-assisted wind tunnel. Lastly, it offers an overview of experimental aerodynamics based on a prospective vision of the discipline, and discusses potential futures challenges. The book can be used as a textbook for graduate courses in aerodynamics, typically offered to students of aerospace and mechanical engineering programs, and as a learning tool for professionals and engineers in the fields of aerodynamics, aeronautics and astronautics automobile.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of boundary layer flows, including laminar and turbulent flows. Chapters discuss such topics as the nature of transition, the effect of two-dimensional and isolated roughness on laminar flow, and progress in the design of low-drag airfoils. They also present theoretical and experimental results in boundary layer flows and discuss directions for future research.

This book presents select peer reviewed proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Mechanical Engineering Research (ICAMER 2019). The books examines various areas of mechanical engineering namely design, thermal, materials, manufacturing and industrial engineering covering topics like FEA, optimization, vibrations, condition monitoring, tribology, CFD, IC engines, turbo-machines, automobiles, manufacturing processes, machining, CAM, additive manufacturing, modelling and simulation of manufacturing processing, optimization of manufacturing processing, supply chain management, and operations management. In addition, recent studies on composite materials, materials characterization, fracture and fatigue, advanced materials, energy storage, green building, phase change materials and structural change monitoring are also covered. Given the contents, this book will be useful for students, researchers and professionals working in mechanical engineering and allied fields.

The book "Wind Tunnels and Experimental Fluid Dynamics Research" is comprised of 33 chapters divided in five sections. The first 12 chapters discuss wind tunnel facilities and experiments in incompressible flow, while the next seven chapters deal with building dynamics, flow control and fluid mechanics. Third section of the book is dedicated to chapters discussing aerodynamic field measurements and real full scale analysis (chapters 20-22). Chapters in the last two sections deal with turbulent structure analysis (chapters 23-25) and wind tunnels in compressible flow (chapters 26-33). Contributions from a large number of international experts make this publication a highly valuable resource in wind tunnels and fluid dynamics field of research.

Tai Chi, a Chinese martial art developed based on the laws of nature, emphasises how 'to conquer the unyielding with the yielding.' The recent observation of star formation shows that stars result from the interaction between gravity, turbulence and magnetic fields. This interaction again follows the natural rules that inspired Tai Chi. For example, if self-gravity is the force that dominates, the molecular cloud will collapse isotropically, which compresses magnetic field lines. The density of the yielding field lines increases until magnetic pressure reaches the critical value to support the cloud against the gravitational force in directions perpendicular to the field lines (Lorentz force). Then gravity gives way to Lorentz force, accumulating gas only along the field lines till the gas density achieves the critical value to again compress the field lines. The Tai Chi goes on in a self similar way.