According to the Government Accountability Office, sustainment of weapon systems accounts for approximately 70 percent of the total life-cycle costs. When sustainment is not considered early in the development process or as an integral part of the systems engineering design, it can negatively affect the ability of the Air Force to maintain and improve the weapon system once it enters service. At the request of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics, Weapons Systems Sustainment Planning Early in the Development Life Cycle identifies at what point or phase of the development of a weapons system sustainment planning should be integrated into the program; examines and provides recommendations regarding how sustainment planning should be evaluated throughout the development process; investigates and describes the current challenges with sustainment planning and determines what changes have occurred throughout the acquisition process that may have eroded sustainment planning; and identifies opportunities for acquisitions offices to gain greater access to sustainment expertise.

According to the Government Accountability Office, sustainment of weapon systems accounts for approximately 70 percent of the total life-cycle costs. When sustainment is not considered early in the development process or as an integral part of the systems engineering design, it can negatively affect the ability of the Air Force to maintain and improve the weapon system once it enters service. At the request of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics, Weapons Systems Sustainment Planning Early in the Development Life Cycle identifies at what point or phase of the development of a weapons system sustainment planning should be integrated into the program; examines and provides recommendations regarding how sustainment planning should be evaluated throughout the development process; investigates and describes the current challenges with sustainment planning and determines what changes have occurred throughout the acquisition process that may have eroded sustainment planning; and identifies opportunities for acquisitions offices to gain greater access to sustainment expertise.

The DoD has spent over $115 billion since the mid-1980s to develop a Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS) comprised of land, air, and sea-based elements -- such as missiles and radars -- working together as an integrated system. Since the cost to operate and support a weapon system accounts for most of a system¿s lifetime costs, the resources needed to fund BMDS could be significant as DoD fields an increasing number of BMDS elements. In 2005, DoD began planning to transition responsibility for supporting BMDS elements from the Missile Defense Agency to the services. This report assesses the extent to which DoD has: planned to support BMDS elements over the long-term; and identified long-term operation and support costs.

The ability of the United States Air Force (USAF) to keep its aircraft operating at an acceptable operational tempo, in wartime and in peacetime, has been important to the Air Force since its inception. This is a much larger issue for the Air Force today, having effectively been at war for 20 years, with its aircraft becoming increasingly more expensive to operate and maintain and with military budgets certain to further decrease. The enormously complex Air Force weapon system sustainment enterprise is currently constrained on many sides by laws, policies, regulations and procedures, relationships, and organizational issues emanating from Congress, the Department of Defense (DoD), and the Air Force itself. Against the back-drop of these stark realities, the Air Force requested the National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academies, under the auspices of the Air Force Studies Board to conduct and in-depth assessment of current and future Air Force weapon system sustainment initiatives and recommended future courses of action for consideration by the Air Force. Examination of the U.S. Air Force's Aircraft Sustainment Needs in the Future and Its Strategy to Meet Those Needs addresses the following topics: Assess current sustainment investments, infrastructure, and processes for adequacy in sustaining aging legacy systems and their support equipment. Determine if any modifications in policy are required and, if so, identify them and make recommendations for changes in Air Force regulations, policies, and strategies to accomplish the sustainment goals of the Air Force. Determine if any modifications in technology efforts are required and, if so, identify them and make recommendations regarding the technology efforts that should be pursued because they could make positive impacts on the sustainment of the current and future systems and equipment of the Air Force. Determine if the Air Logistics Centers have the necessary resources (funding, manpower, skill sets, and technologies) and are equipped and organized to sustain legacy systems and equipment and the Air Force of tomorrow. Identify and make recommendations regarding incorporating sustainability into future aircraft designs.

The operation and support phase of a major weapon system is one of the most costly phases in the life cycle of a program. During this phase, the key stakeholders must build a long-term sustainment strategy to make sure the program is affordable, and that the weapon system is reliable and maintainable. The ultimate objective in this effort is to ensure all support providers, either organic or contractor, have mission readiness, translated into warfighter capability, as their long-term overarching priority. To this end, the business community (financial management and contracting) must develop a strategy that complements and satisfies the warfighters objective(s). The purpose of this research project was to examine critical sustainment program characteristics from a business community perspective for applicability in future weapon system sustainment efforts. The characteristics were identified to fall within three broad categories: (1) Reporting Mechanisms (developing and controlling the requirement); (2) Financial Management Perspective (understanding the funding process); and Contracting Perspective (arranging for the requirement). Using the Sustainment Business Model, the research team conducted a comparative analysis of two programs: The F-16 Falcon and C-17 Globemaster. The research concluded with the identification of good practices and suggested recommendations.

This document presents preliminary results for Phase III of a study to seek ways of developing more accurate measures and weightings to improve resource requirement predictions for operational and emerging weapon systems. These improved measures can then be used on new programs to predict maintenance demands (human and material), for design tradeoff studies early in the system development process to reduce the overall weapon system life cycle cost and increase mission readiness. During Phase III (1980) follow-on in-depth statistical analysis of the preliminary findings was performed to identify various subsystem equipment maintenance resource demand vs generic parameter(s) sub-set(s) relationships, such as equipment, operational, environmental, maintenance, and general characteristics. The plan for the second half of Phase III (1981) is to further investigate those maintenance resource demands that have strongly correlated impact parameters within the various subsystems and equipments for identification of positive relationships and their cause factors. (Author).