This is the first book on explosion-generated water waves. It presents the theoretical foundations and experimental results of the generation and propagation of impulsively generated waves resulting from underwater explosions. Many of the theories and concepts presented herein are applicable to other types of water waves, in particular, tsunamis and waves generated by the fall of a meteorite. Linear and nonlinear theories, as well as experimental calibrations, are presented for cases of deep and shallow water explosions. Propagation of transient waves on dissipative, nonuniform bathymetries together with laboratory simulations are analyzed and discussed.

The present treatise assembles the theoretical foundations and experimental results on the generation and propagation of water waves generated by underwater explosions. After a brief overview of the physical processes and a presentation of order of magnitude of explosion generated water waves (EGWW) as function of explosion parameters, linear theories and experimental calibration are presented. Nonlinear wave theories and their calibration are necessary in shallow water when the water crater caused by the explosion is not small compared to water depth. The importance of dissipation processes due to wave-sea floor interactions is emphasized, particularly when an EGWW travels on long continental shelf. Methodologies for the propagation of transient waves over 3D bathymetries are developed. The simulation of EGWW in the laboratory is reviewed. Finally, a numerical method based on Boundary Integral Method is applied to investigate the dynamic of bubble formation and wave generation near the explosion. (MM).

Optical Remote Sensing is one of the main technologies used in sea surface monitoring. Optical Remote Sensing of Ocean Hydrodynamics investigates and demonstrates capabilities of optical remote sensing technology for enhanced observations and detection of ocean environments. It provides extensive knowledge of physical principles and capabilities of optical observations of the oceans at high spatial resolution, 1-4m, and on the observations of surface wave hydrodynamic processes. It also describes the implementation of spectral-statistical and fusion algorithms for analyses of multispectral optical databases and establishes physics-based criteria for detection of complex wave phenomena and hydrodynamic disturbances including assessment and management of optical databases. This book explains the physical principles of high-resolution optical imagery of the ocean surface, discusses for the first time the capabilities of observing hydrodynamic processes and events, and emphasizes the integration of optical measurements and enhanced data analysis. It also covers both the assessment and the interpretation of dynamic multispectral optical databases and includes applications for advanced studies and nonacoustic detection. This book is an invaluable resource for researches, industry professionals, engineers, and students working on cross-disciplinary problems in ocean hydrodynamics, optical remote sensing of the ocean and sea surface remote sensing. Readers in the fields of geosciences and remote sensing, applied physics, oceanography, satellite observation technology, and optical engineering will learn the theory and practice of optical interactions with the ocean.

Advances in Hydroscience, Volume 8, provides an overview of the state of knowledge in hydroscience. The book contains six chapters and opens with a study on seiches—a phenomenon that frequently occurs in large enclosed bodies of water and that can result in serious destruction of shore structures and bring sudden death to innocent swimmers. This phenomenon bears certain resemblances to the tsunamis and storm surges over the open sea. Subsequent chapters deal with the basic principles underlying the techniques in isotope hydrology; statistical models for ocean waves and wave forces; fluvial sediment transport; impulsive waves; and channel networks. This contribution will prove particularly useful to hydrologists, since most work in this field has been done by physicists or other non-hydrologists.

The kinematics of surface gravity waves produced in water 2.5 feet deep in a basin 90 feet square by a sudden, localized disturbance was studied through measurements of height and period. The waves were generated by the quick withdrawal or immersion, or combinations of these actions, of a 14-foot-diameter half-paraboloid plunger located near the mid-point of one wall of the basin. Smaller plungers of diverse shapes were also used. Measurements were made both in the constant-depth portion of the basin and over a beach with a uniform slope of 1:13.6, which was directly opposite the plunger. At the shoreline about 80 feet from the plunger, waves produced by a sudden withdrawal, for example, were 3 inches high, with a maximum period of 3 seconds. The waves compare adequately with those predicted by the theory of Kranzer and Keller, although they were 40% smaller and 20% shorter. By extrapolation, it was found that waves were produced which adequately simulated those from the actual underwater detonation of a high-energy explosive (5 tons TNT) and a nuclear device (20 kt equivalent). It is concluded that with proper scaling the plunger can be used to simulate waves from such causes. (Author).