Chromovitrectomy is a novel approach to visualize the vitreous or retinal surface during vitreoretinal surgery. In recent years, the widely used indocyanine green (ICG) has made the surgical maneuver of inner limiting membrane peeling tremendously safer and efficient. Also, numerous dyes have been applied in experimental settings with promising or devastating results. This volume highlights the major clinical and experimental results of currently used novel vital dyes. The first chapters describe the transparent structure of the vitreous body and summarize historical considerations to visualize its structure by optical coherence tomography, dye injections or autologous cells during surgery and for diagnostic purposes. The following contributions describe the advantages and disadvantages of ICG during vitreoretinal surgery and experimental applications. Alternative approaches by recently approved vital dyes such as trypan blue, patent blue and brilliant blue are evaluated in the subsequent chapters. Finally the last few chapters give an outlook on novel vital dyes, which are currently under evaluation, as well as alternative enzymatic approaches to remove the vitreous from the retinal surface. Being a timely update this publication will be indispensable reading for vitreoretinal surgeons and ophthalmic researchers.

The use of pharmacotherapeutics in the management of retinal diseases is rapidly evolving, and a favorable therapy for the patient. Today anti-VEGF agents are used for a range of indications from inflammation-related choroidal neovascularization to macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion or diabetic retinopathy. Beyond VEGF, there is an array of target areas under investigation – not only for vascular pathologies such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic eye disease, but also for degenerative, infectious and inflammatory retinal conditions. This publication discusses many aspects from basic research on the retina, to animal models for retinal drug delivery, retinal diseases that are amenable to pharmacotherapy and also drugs and mechanisms in retinal diseases. Anyone concerned with the management of retinal diseases - the general ophthalmologist and the retina specialist alike – will find this book indispensable reading.

Over the last two decades, tremendous progress has been made in vitrectomy surgery, most importantly the significant reduction of the gauge and implementation of microincision vitrectomy surgery (MIVS). At the same time, the introduction of wide-viewing systems and the utilization of vital dyes to better recognize structures like the vitreous and membranes have taken place. This volume starts with the fundamentals of MIVS, introducing both the mechanics and the physics of the latest generation of vitrectomy devices, followed by a description of the discrete gauge systems (i.e. 23-, 25-, and 27-gauge). Individualized but mandatory settings, techniques, and technology are also discussed in detail. There are also more than ten chapters outlining concrete surgical strategies that give surgeons a thorough overview of the procedures.

The management of major vitreoretinal diseases has changed dramatically since publication of the first edition in 1999. The field continues to evolve rapidly and is becoming an increasingly complex, multifaceted practice of medicine and surgery. As such, retinal specialists are faced with increasingly sophisticated diagnostic and therapeutic modalities to learn and master. Contributors to this completely updated reference are renowned experts in retinal disease and vitreous disorders. Divided into four essential sections, the book starts with a basic overview of posterior segment anatomy and physiology. The second section reviews the spectrum of diagnostic tools used in the field from relatively low technology such as the indirect ophthalmoscope to the latest, state-of-the-art optical coherence tomography test. The third and most comprehensive section covers disease states, subdivided into eight categories: retinovascular conditions, macular diseases, inherited vitreoretinal conditions, inflammatory conditions, intraocular tumors, vitreous and retinal detachments, trauma and toxicity, and fundus conditions. The text concludes with specific vitreoretinal procedures. Key Features New technologies including spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), intravitreal injections, and microincisional vitrectomy The utilization of multifocal electroretinography, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, and fundus autofluorescence Advances in treatment of macular edema and age-related macular degeneration with anti-VEGF therapy Summaries of the latest and most important clinical trials Richly illustrated with more than 700 color state-of-the art retinal images and surgical procedure drawings Clinical pearls, controversies, and special considerations highlighted in color boxes in every chapter This up-to-date, clinically-oriented resource will greatly benefit ophthalmology residents and ophthalmologists with comprehensive practices.

The value of this book lies in the quality and expertise of the text chapters contributed by multiple international experts across the globe. Clearly written by the contributors providing a global perspective about the subject. Attempts to update the state-of-the-art vitreoretinal surgery in a lucid, authoritative and well-illustrated manner. Detailed reference lists following each chapter provide extensive background support for the text. Outstanding illustrations combined with excellent schematic drawings, beautiful clinical photographs, fluorescein angiograms, and OCT images. Illustrations.

Recent technological advances in the diagnosis of macular disorders have enhanced our understanding of these diseases. At the same time, advances in small-gauge vitrectomy instrumentation and techniques have improved the safety and efficiency of surgery, allowing macular conditions that would have otherwise resulted in blindness to be treated effectively, preserving patients’ sight. Macular surgery continues to evolve rapidly, thanks to exciting future technology trends. This book provides a detailed and up-to-date overview of the field. It begins with essential information on macular anatomy and pathophysiology, examination techniques, and surgical instrumentation. In turn, it discusses a broad range of disease processes, including macular holes, epiretinal membrane, vitreomacular traction and myopic maculopathy. The role and benefits of advanced vitrectomy techniques including submacular surgery, prosthetic vision, robotic surgery, and stem cell and gene therapy are addressed in detail. A review of perioperative care and potential complications rounds out the coverage.

This book is a comprehensive guide to the latest techniques in vitreoretinal surgery. Beginning with an introduction to the basics, each of the following chapters discusses surgical procedures for different retinal disorders. A complete section is dedicated to paediatric retinal surgery. Emerging techniques are also covered. This practical guide is an invaluable resource for both practising ophthalmic surgeons as well as trainees. More than 400 clinical photographs, diagrams and tables enhance learning. Key points Comprehensive guide to latest techniques in vitreoretinal surgery Covers numerous retinal disorders Paediatric retinal surgery covered Includes more than 400 clinical photographs, diagrams and tables

Imagination is the key to any discovery, and its presence in the science to improve vision is no exception. Vision science is racing forward, spurred on by a host of exciting novel research discoveries and the efforts of scientists. This book, a collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters, intends to provide readers with a comprehensive overview of the latest and most advanced findings in several aspects of ophthalmology, ophthalmic pathology, ocular imaging, and certain treatments and surgical strategies. It is an excellent, well-integrated review of treatment options in eye disease that aims to provide a thorough overview of the recent developments written by international authors. "Frontiers in Ophthalmology and Ocular Imaging" can be used as an important reference for clinically oriented ophthalmologists and scientists.

This book covers the entire range of vitreoretinal surgeries. The first section covers essential information about the anatomy and the appropriate diagnostic techniques which helps in preoperative evaluation. The second section is on surgical instrumentation, and includes adjuncts used in VR surgery. Advanced instrumentation such as 3D visualization system, endoscopic vitrectomy and robotic surgeries are well described in the chapters. The later sections deal with the surgical technique for different disease entities. Management of posterior segment complication of anterior segment surgeries such as cataract and keratoprosthesis are reviewed in detail. A section on gene therapy has been incorporated. This book will help the reader to gather a detailed round-up of basics of and advances made in the field of vitreoretinal surgery. It is supplemented with videos. This book is meant for practicing retinal surgeons, those in training as well as students with interest in vitreoretinal surgery.