The field of non-Tantric Buddhism still has many problems and debated issues. The present volumes included numerous solutions of these problems by the senior author Alex Wayman. The categories of the Twenty-four essays are Heroes of the system, Theory of the Heroes, Buddhist Doctrine, Buddhist Practice and hindu Buddhist Studies. Among these essays are one of his earliest from the late 1950`s.

A close analysis of the architecture of the stupa—a Buddhist symbolic form that is found throughout South, Southeast, and East Asia. The author, who trained as an architect, examines both the physical and metaphysical levels of these buildings, which derive their meaning and significance from Buddhist and Brahmanist influences.

The Buddha-Womb and the way to Liberation This volume resolves the ontology from the two previous volumes concerning the concept of a ‘subtle self’. First a commentary of the Tantra Great Gates of Diamond Liberation, that presents detailed information concerning the nature of the Heart, Throat, Diaphragm, and Splenic centres I and II. This adds to what was earlier provided on the Solar Plexus, Sacral and Base of Spine centres. The focus of this book concerns the attributes of the Sambhogakāya Flower, utilising The Uttaratantra of Maitreya and the Buddha’s testimony, thus revealing an esoteric doctrine that has been veiled in Buddhist scriptures.

Lam rim Chen mo (roughly, "the great book on stages of the path to enlightenment") is the abbreviated title of a massive encyclopaedic manual written by Tson-kha-pa, the founder of the gelugpa sect of Tibetan Buddhism. 'Calming the mind and Discerning the Real' marks the first appearance in English of the two most important segments of this work.

The title Lankavatara might main entering Lanka (perhaps referring to the temporary Mahayana period of Ceylon), suggesting that the doctrines of this scripture are possibly consistent with earlier Buddhism preserved in the Pali language. Suzuki s pioneering translation of the Lankavatara Sutra was based on the Sanskrit text (1923) edited by Bunyu Nanjo. It is a remarkable coverage of Mahayana Buddhist topics, especially of the type often associated with the Yogacara school of Buddhism, yet it is of interest to everyone who desires an introduction to Mahayana Buddhism. Here, the world is like a mirage. The mind has poured out its impression of externals. To get liberated one must stop this outpouring. An advanced individual understands and comes to realize the self-nature of the world which is really so. The editor of the book Alex Wayman says, It is indeed a pleasure to have this famous translation of a work of incomparable content of matters important for Mahayana Buddhism appears in the Buddhist Tradition Series. I have reservations about translation of certain terms of this work, but have no reservations about the importance of making this translation available to interested readers.

This first English translation of the Asokavadana text, the Sanskrit version of the legend of King Asoka, first written in the second century A.D. Emperor of India during the third century B.C. and one of the most important rulers in the history of Buddhism. Asoka has hitherto been studied in the West primarily from his edicts and rock inscriptions in many parts of the Indian subcontinent. Through an extensive critical essay and a fluid translation, John Strong examines the importance of the Asoka of the legends for our overall understanding of Buddhism. Professor Strong contrasts the text with the Pali traditions about Kind Asoka and discusses the Buddhist view of kingship, the relationship of the state and the Buddhist community, the king s role in relating his kingdom to the person of the Buddha, and the connection between merit making, cosmology, and Buddhist doctrine. An appendix provides summaries of other stories about Asoka.

The Legs bshad mdzod, which is here edited and translated into English for the first time, is a history of Tibetan religion known as Bon. It gives a full account of this ancient religion, its origins and development, its struggles against the later imported Buddhism, and its fight for survival in spite of persecution and even abolition on two occasions. the reassembly of the scriptures dispersed at these times is major object of attention. In his introduction the editor makes an assessment of the historical value of the work and considers the extent of its reliability and factual accuracy. He has also, here and in the footnotes to the translation, indicated its sources which are extremely numerous and varied. The transliteration of the Tibetan text is followed by two indices of names and a short glossary of rare terms.

The Essence of Scholasticism is a meditation manual leading to arhatship. It is the central text of the westernmost part of the Gandharan cultural area, e.e. Bactria. Probably composed in the first century BCE, it was commented on and elaborated in several sastras the best known being the Abhidharmakosabhasya of the fifth century. The Essence and the Astagrantha are the basic treatises of the non-Vaibhasika sarvastivadins, i.e. of the sautrantikas of the Gandharan cultural area.

This book argues that donation is one of the central practices in early Buddhism for, without it, Buddhism would not havesurvived and flourished in the many centuriesof its development and expansion. Buddhist relationship between donors and renunciants developed quickly into a complex web that involves material life and the views about how to attend to it. Buddhist dana`s great success is due to the early and continuing use of accomodation with other faiths as a foundational value,thus allowing the tradition to adapt to changing circumstances.

Hermeneutics & tradition in the Samdhinirmocana-sutra deals with the complex interrelatioship between theories of scriptural interpretation and buddhist notions of tradition and authority with respect to the Samdhinirmocana-sutra, the main scriptural source of the yogacara school of Indian Buddhism.This study looks at the text from a number of perspectives including several current methodological models, philological analyses, and historical consideration. The purpose of this approach is to provide a multi-faceted analysis of this complex work.