Beth Simmons demonstrates through a combination of statistical analysis and case studies that the ratification of treaties generally leads to better human rights practices. She argues that international human rights law should get more practical and rhetorical support from the international community as a supplement to broader efforts to address conflict, development, and democratization.

Roper v. Simmons and the execution of juveniles-Eighth Amendment challenges - Stanford v. Kentucky and Penry v. Lynaugh - the execution of the mentally retarded and Atkins v. Virginia - the gradual abolition of these practices - the role of the Court - the role of international standards - the eventual abolition of the death penalty.