Article 44 of The Constitution of India, provides that 'The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a Uniform Civil Code throughout the territory of India.' Even after more than six decades, this anticipated code has not been developed or implemented. This book provides a blueprint for alternative frameworks and courses of action, drawing on lessons from comparative context to develop a Uniform Civil Code for India. It explores the interplay between issues of law, culture, and religion in light of various intra-community and inter-community disputes. The book proposes a series of guidelines and considerations to inform this process. The first guideline urges that the process of preparing and implementing a Uniform Civil Code should be the function of the Legislature. The Courts can resolve certain specific points but the comprehensive code is a legislative function and not for judicial resolution. The second guideline suggests the parallel application of civil and religious law. The securing of a Uniform Civil Code must not negate the possibility of citizens availing themselves of religious law-if they so wish. The third guideline advises a gradual application of a Uniform Civil Code. The development of the code should be done topic by topic, chapter by chapter. The fourth guideline is to deploy tools of mediation in both the formation of the code and its implementation. This mediation should take on two forms—intercommunity mediation and individual mediation. The first of these two relates to a dialogue between the communities of India, to advance an agreement upon the substantive provisions of the Uniform Civil Code. The second relates to mediation between individuals, in occasions where dispute arises in the realm of personal law.

The Book Contains An Analytical, Graphic And Yet, Judicious Study Of The Much Debated And Controversial Topic Of A Suitable Legislation On Uniform Civil Code For All The Citizens Of India Despite Their Religion Or Race Or Ethnicity In Compliance With The Consti¬Tutional Mandate Under Article 44. The Author Has Most Capably And Creditably Examined The Subject In All Its Multi¬Dimensional Aspects And In View Of The Fact That, Like In India, In Almost All Countries Of The World, Muslims Co-Exist With Other Religion/Ethnic Or Racial Groups And Are Governed By The Same Civil Laws Without Any Animus Or Discordant Relationship With Their Fellow Countrymen. Relevant Ayyats Have Been Quoted From The Quran Along With Various Judicial Verdicts, Vis-A-Vis The Reforms Made In Other Islamic Countries Of The World, Wherein Personal Laws Have Been Subjected To Suitable Change In View Of The Prevalent Local Conditions. The Author Has Dispassiona¬Tely And Unequivocally Brought Before The Intelligentsia The Fact That Unfortunately The Subject Has Generated A Lot Of Unavoidable And Spiteful Controversy, Which Sprung Not From Reasons, But From Misconstructed Religious Sentiments. The Entire Contents Of The Book Are Thought Provoking, And They Give An Impetus To Intellectuals To Explain To The People In General, And Muslim In Particular, The Merits And Advantages Of The Uniform Civil Code And Exterminate Their Unfounded Fears.

It is a political study of the controversy surrounding the issue of the uniform civil code vis-à-vis personal laws from a South Asian perspective. At the centre of the debate is whether there should be a centralized view of the legal system in a given society or a decentralized view, both horizontally and vertically. This issue is entangled within the threads of identity politics, minority rights, women’s rights, national integration, global Islamic politics and universal human rights. Champions of each category view it through their own prisms, making the debate extremely complex, especially in politically and socially plural South Asia. So, this book attempts to harmonize the threads of the debate to provide a holistic political analysis.

This contribution provides the important and timely bilingual version of the Chinese Civil Code and the Supreme People’s Court’s Judicial Interpretation of the Temporal Effect of the Civil Code. Providing translations by a diverse group of esteemed legal scholars, on Contract Law, Tort Law, Marriage, Family and Succession Law, General and Personality Provisions and Property Law, this unique resource will be important for all those with an interest in Chinese Law.

Most of the papers presented at a conference held at Bloomington in 1999; some previously published.

"The United States Code is the official codification of the general and permanent laws of the United States of America. The Code was first published in 1926, and a new edition of the code has been published every six years since 1934. The 2012 edition of the Code incorporates laws enacted through the One Hundred Twelfth Congress, Second Session, the last of which was signed by the President on January 15, 2013. It does not include laws of the One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, enacted between January 2, 2013, the date it convened, and January 15, 2013. By statutory authority this edition may be cited "U.S.C. 2012 ed." As adopted in 1926, the Code established prima facie the general and permanent laws of the United States. The underlying statutes reprinted in the Code remained in effect and controlled over the Code in case of any discrepancy. In 1947, Congress began enacting individual titles of the Code into positive law. When a title is enacted into positive law, the underlying statutes are repealed and the title then becomes legal evidence of the law. Currently, 26 of the 51 titles in the Code have been so enacted. These are identified in the table of titles near the beginning of each volume. The Law Revision Counsel of the House of Representatives continues to prepare legislation pursuant to 2 U.S.C. 285b to enact the remainder of the Code, on a title-by-title basis, into positive law. The 2012 edition of the Code was prepared and published under the supervision of Ralph V. Seep, Law Revision Counsel. Grateful acknowledgment is made of the contributions by all who helped in this work, particularly the staffs of the Office of the Law Revision Counsel and the Government Printing Office"--Preface.

The basic objective of this book is to explore the possibilities of reform in Muslim Personal Law and Hindu Personal Law from women rights perspective. It is a long, complex discourse. But the key factor in the whole discourse is gender . The issue of Uniform Civil Code (UCC ) is being hugely politicized and communalized by communal forces in the name of religion. But the endeavour here is to see the whole issue objectively through the lens of gender equality.

Placing the contemporary discussion on personal laws in India in historical perspective, this important book views the debate as a critical component of Indian democracy. Balancing the imperatives of multiculturalism, national integration, and gender justice, it affirms that there is a complex continuity between the terms of the debate in the postcolonial Indian state and its colonial counterpart.