Solid State Physics

Ultrasonic Methods in Solid State Physics is devoted to studies of energy loss and velocity of ultrasonic waves which have a bearing on present-day problems in solid-state physics. The discussion is particularly concerned with the type of investigation that can be carried out in the megacycle range of frequencies from a few megacycles to kilomegacycles; it deals almost entirely with short-duration pulse methods rather than with standing-wave methods. The book opens with a chapter on a classical treatment of wave propagation in solids. This is followed by separate chapters on methods and techniques of ultrasonic pulse echo measurements, and the physics of ultrasonically measurable properties of solids. It is hoped that this book will provide the reader with the special background necessary to read critically the many research papers and special articles concerned with the use of ultrasonic methods in solid state physics. The book is intended to help the person beginning work in this field. At the same time, it will also be useful to those actively involved in such work. An attempt has been made to provide a fairly general and unified treatment suitable for graduate students and others without extensive experience.

Physical Acoustics in the Solid State reviews the modern aspects in the field, including many experimental results, especially those involving ultrasonics. It covers practically all fields of solid-state physics. After a review of the relevant experimental techniques and an introduction to the theory of elasticity, the book details applications in the various fields of condensed matter physics.

This book presents a unique collection of clinical cases to help combat the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment of Syncope. Medical professionals using this book are provided with a reference to a large array of succinctly described and illustrated clinical scenarios. Each case is presented with the results of appropriate tests and critical comments about the evaluation, diagnosis and treatment according to guidelines. Syncope is considered a difficult diagnostic and treatment problem for all who work in the field. Regardless of your prior knowledge, you will find the case studies easy to digest, enlightening, and immediately pertinent to improving the care patients – giving you confidence in your diagnosis and your advice. The editors have developed a lively and easy-to-read book with a focused expert editorial commentary, offering the reader a broader and easily understood context for each case, as well as key citations from the literature. Syncope Cases is a valuable contribution to your collection; edited by seven prominent authorities on the management of syncope from four countries, with more than 130 contributors, this book provides a unique additional step in the fostering of a better understanding of the many factors that can cause syncope, with the ultimate goal of facilitating the delivery of more precise and cost-effective care for syncope patients. It is a contribution that should be widely read, and one that offers the possibility of distinctly enhancing medical care of the syncope patient.

Text, translated from the Russian edition of 1980, permits graduate students and advanced undergraduates to acquire a detailed command of physical and analytical issues relating to the generation and propagation of ultrasound. Ideas are introduced in carefully considered sequence, and the treatment never allowed to become overly complex. Eleven chapters, nicely produced (though perhaps less nicely than the price suggests!), with exercises and solutions appended. Book club and textbook adoption prices are $49 and $45. (NW) Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Written at an intermediate level in a way that is easy to understand, Fundamentals and Applications of Ultrasonic Waves, Second Edition provides an up-to-date exposition of ultrasonics and some of its main applications. Designed specifically for newcomers to the field, this fully updated second edition emphasizes underlying physical concepts over mathematics. The first half covers the fundamentals of ultrasonic waves for isotropic media. Starting with bulk liquid and solid media, discussion extends to surface and plate effects, at which point the author introduces new modes such as Rayleigh and Lamb waves. This focus on only isotropic media simplifies the usually complex mathematics involved, enabling a clearer understanding of the underlying physics to avoid the complicated tensorial description characteristic of crystalline media. The second part of the book addresses a broad spectrum of industrial and research applications, including quartz crystal resonators, surface acoustic wave devices, MEMS and microacoustics, and acoustic sensors. It also provides a broad discussion on the use of ultrasonics for non-destructive evaluation. The author concentrates on the developing area of microacoustics, including exciting new work on the use of probe microscopy techniques in nanotechnology. Focusing on the physics of acoustic waves, as well as their propagation, technology, and applications, this book addresses viscoelasticity, as well as new concepts in acoustic microscopy. It updates coverage of ultrasonics in nature and developments in sonoluminescence, and it also compares new technologies, including use of atomic force acoustic microscopy and lasers. Highlighting both direct and indirect applications for readers working in neighboring disciplines, the author presents particularly important sections on the use of microacoustics and acoustic nanoprobes in next-generation devices and instruments.

This graduate text on viscoelastic materials addresses design applications as diverse as earplugs, computer disks and medical diagnostics.

Recent advances in power electronics greatly benefit the multidisciplinary field of modern ultrasonics. More powerful, compact, and versatile electronic chips and software enable new computer-based devices for real-time data capture, storage, analysis, and display and advance the science and technology employed in commercial systems and applications of ultrasound. Reviewing the scientific basis behind these improvements, Ultrasonics: Fundamentals, Technologies, and Applications, Third Edition discusses them in detail, with new and additional figures and references, offering a completely revised and expanded examination of the state of modern ultrasonics. This new edition of a bestselling industry reference discusses the full breadth of ultrasonics applications for industrial and medical use and provides the fundamentals and insights gathered over the authors’ collective 80 years in the field. It provides a unique and comprehensive treatment of the science and technology behind the latest advancements and applications in both low and high power implementations. Coverage combines fundamental physics, a review and analysis of sensors and transducers, and the systems required for the full spectrum of industrial, nondestructive testing and medical and biomedical uses. It includes citations of numerous references and covers both main stream and the more unusual and obscure applications of ultrasound. Ultrasonics is ubiquitous in its industrial applications for sensing, NDT, and process measurements, in high power forms for processing and sonochemistry, as well as in medical procedures where it is used for diagnosis, therapy and surgery. This book provides a complete overview of the field, presenting numerous applications, cutting-edge advancements and improvements, additional figures and references, and a look at future directions.

The Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center of Water town, Massachusetts in cooperation with the Materials Science Group of the Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science of Syracuse University has conducted the Sagamore Army Materials Research Conference since 1954. The main purpose of these conferences has been to gather together over 150 scientists and engineers from academic institutions, industry and government who are uniquely qualified to explore in depth a subject of importance to the Department of Defense, the Army and the scientific community. This volume NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF MATERIALS, addresses the areas of x-ray, ultrasonics and other methods of nondestructive testing. We wish to acknowledge the dedicated assistance of Joseph M. Bernier of the Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center and Helen Brown DeMascio of Syracuse University throughout the stages of the conference planning and finally the publication of this book. Their help is deeply appreciated. Syracuse University Syracuse, New York The Editors Contents SESSION I X-RAY S. Heissman, Moderator H. K. Herglotz, Moderator 1. Overview of X-Ray Diffraction Methods for Nondestructive Testing • • • • • • • ••• 1 L. V. Azaroff 2. Detection of Fatigue Damage by X-Rays 21 S. Taira and K. Kamachi 3. A Historical Example of Fatigue Damage • • • • • • • 55 H. K. Herglotz 4. The Application of X-Ray Topography to Materials Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 S. Weissman 5.

Over the last 50 years, the various available methods of investigating dynamic properties of materials have resulted in significant advances in this area of materials science. Dynamic tests have also recently proven to be as efficient as static tests, and have the advantage that they are often easier to use at lower frequency. This book explores dynamic testing, the methods used, and the experiments performed, placing a particular emphasis on the context of bounded medium elastodynamics. The book initially focuses on the complements of continuum mechanics before moving on to the various types of rod vibrations: extensional, bending and torsional. In addition, chapters contain practical examples alongside theoretical discussion to facilitate the reader's understanding. The results presented are the culmination of over 30 years of research by the authors and will be of great interest to anyone involved in this field.