This is an account of a classic turf battle in Washington, D.C. and one that kept flaring up for decades. The fact that it has not been resolved whether military or civilian organizations can conduct federal scientific investigations better, or whether the military should do anything more than defense, lends a timelessness to this story.

As in previous editions, the symbols used on paper nautical charts produced by NOAA and the NGA and digital raster representations of those charts, such as NOAA Raster Nautical Chart (NOAA RNC's), are presented in lettered sections organized in categories, such as Landmarks, Depths, and Lights.

A number of trends and forces are converging to require change in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) nautical charting mission. The most salient among these are changes in customer requirements, with a growing demand for customized and digital nautical information products; a changing customer base that encompasses uses of nautical charts in conjunction with coastal management, regulation, and development activities; and advances in technologies both for acquiring survey data and for structuring, displaying, analyzing, and disseminating nautical information. This volume assesses the needs of users of nautical information; reviews existing and emerging technologies; and examines major issues associated with information acquisition, chart preparation, and dissemination. The book addresses user requirements for improved nautical chart products, as well as technical and programmatic issues relating to the need for and provision of nautical information.

Committee Serial No. 88-23. Includes Interagency Committee on Oceanography reports "University Curricula in Oceanography," June 1963 (p. 205-368); "Oceanography -- The Ten Years Ahead," June 1963 (p. 427-492); "National Oceanographic Program -- Fiscal Year 1964," April 1963 (p. 497-565); and "National Oceanographic Program -- Fiscal Year 1965," Mar. 1964 (p. 569-620).