The 1969 and 1986 Vienna Conventions on the Law of Treaties are essential components of the international legal order. This is the first Commentary on their provisions, containing thorough and well-structured analyses of each of their Articles. It draws on preparatory works and practice and is written by a large collection of experts from the field

Treaties comprise the whole range of international agreements that are governed by international law. In this volume in the Elements of International Law series, Richard Gardiner describes the essential role of treaties in international law. Beginning with an explanation of what treaties are, the book explores how they are made, how they are interpreted, and how they are implemented both internationally and within national legal systems. In doing this, Gardiner provides an account of the main features of the law of treaties and describes how treaties contribute to the formation and codification of international law. He also outlines how treaties are the foundation of international organizations which, in turn, through their constitutive treaties and those treaties which they develop, make extensive contributions to international law. The book concludes by looking at the role of treaties across multiple areas of international law, including human rights, trade and investment law, air and space law, telecommunications, international criminal law, and environmental law. Thus, the book shows that treaties, and the legal regimes which they create, now constitute the pre-eminent component of international law.

For anyone who owns a boat, this is the handbook for you. Included are all of the official government rules and regulations that must be followed by anyone out on the water. This book will prepare you for head?on situations, avoiding collisions, using, distress signals, and will inform you of all the up?to?date water regulations. Whether you?re in a jam or just relaxing at sea, Navigation Rules will teach and prepare you for anything and everything you may encounter while on your boat.