"3-D modeling and inversion is a reality, and not an illusion." This is the clear conclusion of the Second International Symposium on Three-Dimensional Electromagnetics held at the University of Utah in 1999. Containing papers submitted by 36 authors, this volume, by the sheer number of works, their diversity, and the truly international character of the efforts attests to the vigor with which the problems of the field are pursued today.The papers in this book are grouped in three parts: 3-D EM modeling; 3-D EM inversion; and 3-D EM in practice. They cover a wide range of topics in forward modeling and inversion based on new fast approximate approaches and new efficient solutions by integral equation, finite difference and finite elements techniques. If the 1980s were the decade of rapid development in 3D seismics, the 1990s became the decade of growing interest of practical geophysicists in 3D EM modeling and inversion methods.The contributions contained in this volume represent a snapshot of today's state-of-the-art in three-dimensional electromagnetics.

This book covers major techniques used to compute, analyze, visualize, and understand 3D electromagnetic fields in every major application of electrical geophysics. The 44 papers, written especially for this volume, are divided between techniques of 3D modeling and inversion (21 papers) and applications (23 papers). The latter include exploration for minerals and hydrocarbons, regional crustal studies, and environmental surveys. These contributions represent the work of 95 authors from 56 institutions in 13 countries.

This book teaches the finite-difference frequency-domain (FDFD) method from the simplest concepts to advanced three-dimensional simulations. It uses plain language and high-quality graphics to help the complete beginner grasp all the concepts quickly and visually. This single resource includes everything needed to simulate a wide variety of different electromagnetic and photonic devices. The book is filled with helpful guidance and computational wisdom that will help the reader easily simulate their own devices and more easily learn and implement other methods in computational electromagnetics. Special techniques in MATLAB® are presented that will allow the reader to write their own FDFD programs. Key concepts in electromagnetics are reviewed so the reader can fully understand the calculations happening in FDFD. A powerful method for implementing the finite-difference method is taught that will enable the reader to solve entirely new differential equations and sets of differential equations in mere minutes. Separate chapters are included that describe how Maxwell’s equations are approximated using finite-differences and how outgoing waves can be absorbed using a perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary. With this background, a chapter describes how to calculate guided modes in waveguides and transmission lines. The effective index method is taught as way to model many three-dimensional devices in just two-dimensions. Another chapter describes how to calculate photonic band diagrams and isofrequency contours to quickly estimate the properties of periodic structures like photonic crystals. Next, a chapter presents how to analyze diffraction gratings and calculate the power coupled into each diffraction order. This book shows that many devices can be simulated in the context of a diffraction grating including guided-mode resonance filters, photonic crystals, polarizers, metamaterials, frequency selective surfaces, and metasurfaces. Plane wave sources, Gaussian beam sources, and guided-mode sources are all described in detail, allowing devices to be simulated in multiple ways. An optical integrated circuit is simulated using the effective index method to build a two-dimensional model of the 3D device and then launch a guided-mode source into the circuit. A chapter is included to describe how the code can be modified to easily perform parameter sweeps, such as plotting reflection and transmission as a function of frequency, wavelength, angle of incidence, or a dimension of the device. The last chapter is advanced and teaches FDFD for three-dimensional devices composed of anisotropic materials. It includes simulations of a crossed grating, a doubly-periodic guided-mode resonance filter, a frequency selective surface, and an invisibility cloak. The chapter also includes a parameter retrieval from a left-handed metamaterial. The book includes all the MATLAB codes and detailed explanations of all programs. This will allow the reader to easily modify the codes to simulate their own ideas and devices. The author has created a website where the MATLAB codes can be downloaded, errata can be seen, and other learning resources can be accessed. This is an ideal book for both an undergraduate elective course as well as a graduate course in computational electromagnetics because it covers the background material so well and includes examples of many different types of devices that will be of interest to a very wide audience.

Publisher Description

This monograph provides a framework for students and practitioners who are working on the solution of electromagnetic imaging in geophysics. Bridging the gap between theory and practical applied material (for example, inverse and forward problems), it provides a simple explanation of finite volume discretization, basic concepts in solving inverse problems through optimization, a summary of applied electromagnetics methods, and MATLAB??code for efficient computation.

This book is an indispensable resource for making efficient and accurate formulations for electromagnetics applications and their numerical treatment, Employing a unified and coherent approach that is unmatched in the field, the authors deatil both integral and differential equations using the method-of-moments and finite-element procedures.

This book explores the connection between algebraic structures in topology and computational methods for 3-dimensional electric and magnetic field computation. The connection between topology and electromagnetism has been known since the 19th century, but there has been little exposition of its relevance to computational methods in modern topological language. This book is an effort to close that gap. It will be of interest to people working in finite element methods for electromagnetic computation and those who have an interest in numerical and industrial applications of algebraic topology.

Computational Geo-Electromagnetics: Methods, Models, and Forecasts, Volume Five in the Computational Geophysics series, is devoted to techniques for building of geoelectrical models from electromagnetic data, featuring Bayesian statistical analysis and neural network algorithms. These models are applied to studying the geoelectrical structure of famous volcanoes (i.e., Vesuvio, Kilauea, Elbrus, Komagatake, Hengill) and geothermal zones (i.e., Travale, Italy; Soultz-sous-Forets, Elsace). Methodological recommendations are given on electromagnetic sounding of faults as well as geothermal and hydrocarbon reservoirs. Techniques for forecasting of petrophysical properties from the electrical resistivity as proxy parameter are also considered. Computational Geo-Electromagnetics: Methods, Models, and Forecasts offers techniques and algorithms for building geoelectrical models under conditions of rare or irregularly distributed EM data and/or lack of prior geological and geophysical information. This volume also includes methodological guidelines on interpretation of electromagnetic sounding data depending on goals of the study. Finally, it details computational algorithms for using electrical resistivity for properties beyond boreholes.

The Finite-Difference Time-domain (FDTD) method allows you to compute electromagnetic interaction for complex problem geometries with ease. The simplicity of the approach coupled with its far-reaching usefulness, create the powerful, popular method presented in The Finite Difference Time Domain Method for Electromagnetics. This volume offers timeless applications and formulations you can use to treat virtually any material type and geometry. The Finite Difference Time Domain Method for Electromagnetics explores the mathematical foundations of FDTD, including stability, outer radiation boundary conditions, and different coordinate systems. It covers derivations of FDTD for use with PEC, metal, lossy dielectrics, gyrotropic materials, and anisotropic materials. A number of applications are completely worked out with numerous figures to illustrate the results. It also includes a printed FORTRAN 77 version of the code that implements the technique in three dimensions for lossy dielectric materials. There are many methods for analyzing electromagnetic interactions for problem geometries. With The Finite Difference Time Domain Method for Electromagnetics, you will learn the simplest, most useful of these methods, from the basics through to the practical applications.

The Method of Moments in Electromagnetics, Third Edition details the numerical solution of electromagnetic integral equations via the Method of Moments (MoM). Previous editions focused on the solution of radiation and scattering problems involving conducting, dielectric, and composite objects. This new edition adds a significant amount of material on new, state-of-the art compressive techniques. Included are new chapters on the Adaptive Cross Approximation (ACA) and Multi-Level Adaptive Cross Approximation (MLACA), advanced algorithms that permit a direct solution of the MoM linear system via LU decomposition in compressed form. Significant attention is paid to parallel software implementation of these methods on traditional central processing units (CPUs) as well as new, high performance graphics processing units (GPUs). Existing material on the Fast Multipole Method (FMM) and Multi-Level Fast Multipole Algorithm (MLFMA) is also updated, blending in elements of the ACA algorithm to further reduce their memory demands. The Method of Moments in Electromagnetics is intended for students, researchers, and industry experts working in the area of computational electromagnetics (CEM) and the MoM. Providing a bridge between theory and software implementation, the book incorporates significant background material, while presenting practical, nuts-and-bolts implementation details. It first derives a generalized set of surface integral equations used to treat electromagnetic radiation and scattering problems, for objects comprising conducting and dielectric regions. Subsequent chapters apply these integral equations for progressively more difficult problems such as thin wires, bodies of revolution, and two- and three-dimensional bodies. Radiation and scattering problems of many different types are considered, with numerical results compared against analytical theory as well as measurements.