In this book, Anne Alexander examines the grounds for considering the 'dream-country' approach to Hardy's fiction. She shows how the 'dream-country' environment may suggest the awakening of unconscious thoughts and feelings and how Hardy uses this to suggest the extent to which these unconscious thoughts and feelings affect the behavior of individual characters as well as the relationships between men and women.

"We are awash in time, savoring a few moments of it; we project ourselves into it, reinvent it, play with it; we take our time or let it slip away: it is the raw material of our imagination. Age, on the other hand, is the detailed account of the days that pass, the one-way view of the years whose total sum when set forth can stupefy us. Age wedges each of us between a date of birth that, at least in the West, we know for certain and an expiration date that, as a general rule, we would like to defer. Time is a freedom, age a constraint." Marc Augé remembers his beloved childhood cat, who seemed to grow wise with age, though her essential nature remained unchanged. He considers our belief that objects mature, when it is our perception of them that evolves over time. He wonders why public demonstrations of affection between the elderly make the young so uncomfortable and why we torture ourselves with regret at what might have been. Time can be liberating, he finds; it is a resource we can squander or relish. Yet age is a burden, bound by our personal and cultural neuroses. With an ethnologist's understanding of construct and practice, Augé isolates age from the development of consciousness, desire, and representations of the self. In bold, eye-opening strokes, he casts age as a physical marker and treats one's youthful approach to the world as the true measure of life's value.

A substantial introduction to Hardy's six major novels and his poems.

The question 'What is modernism?' has provoked intense critical discussion. A Route to Modernism explores this area; it focuses on the strange and dangerous journey taken by Hardy, Lawrence and Woolf towards unknown regions of the mind and the universe. In a discussion of these novelists, both individually and in relation to one another, a radical reconsideration of modernism is developed. Woolf envisaged her contemporaries 'flashing past on another railway line'. A Route to Modernism shows the hypothetical train of Hardy, Lawrence and Woolf not following an existing track but tunnelling beneath surfaces, following routes which are 'spasmodic, fragmentary', sometimes taking off like a rocket into the cosmos. Their fragmented, modernist works deny us 'the comfort of ... a single meaning, either in works of art or in the world'. This book offers new approaches to modernism, while insisting on books being left 'open - no conclusion come to '.

Trial by Ordeal takes a sharp look at central aspects of the critical reception of Thomas Hardy. It demonstrates how critical appropriations of Hardy's work often provide a simplifying, conventional, or conservative image of the writer, which a sophisticated view of his creative intentions by no means confirms. Edward Neill discusses the dangers inherent in interpreting Hardy's writings in terms of his life; the limitations of criticism that views his work as nostalgic reaction; approaches to the poetry; and the critical response to Jude the Obscure.

This book explores the relationship between Thomas Hardy’s works and Victorian media and technologies of communication – especially the penny post and the telegraph. Through its close analysis of letters, telegrams, and hand-delivered notes in Hardy’s novels, short stories, and poems, it ties together a wide range of subjects: technological and infrastructural developments; material culture; individual subjectivity and the construction of identity; the relationship between private experience and social conventions; and the new narrative possibilities suggested by modern modes of communication.

The Book Is A Scholarly Work Which Throws Ample Light On Hardy, A Poet-Thinker So Far A Neglected Genius. The Author Penetrates Deep Into Hardy S Poetry In The Light Of Atheistic Existentialism. He Focuses On Hardy S Views On Man, His Relationship With Nature, Society And His Own Self. According To Hardy, Man In Pride Of His Power Neglects The Importance Of Nature And Society And Fails To Achieve Selfhood. But When He Realizes His Misdeeds, He Conscientiously Makes Up The Differences And Lives Harmoniously In The Society And Biological Milieu With A Firm Decision To Attain An Identity And Perfection.This Book Displays Thomas Hardy S Views On Man, Nature, Society, Religion, God And Universe. It Shows The Undivisible Link That Exists Amidst These Factors. Hardy S Evolutionary Meliorism And Scientific Humanism Are Adequately Discussed And Evaluated. Hardy S Vision Of Life And His Original Views For A New Order Of Life Are Presented With Clarity And Precision. Indeed, The Book Is Really A Brilliant Work On Hardy S Theory Of Human Reality.

In The Ashgate Research Companion to Thomas Hardy, some of the most prominent Hardy specialists working today offer an overview of Hardy scholarship and suggest new directions in Hardy studies. The contributors cover virtually every area relevant to Hardy's fiction and poetry, including philosophy, palaeontology, biography, science, film, popular culture, beliefs, gender, music, masculinity, tragedy, topography, psychology, metaphysics, illustration, bibliographical studies and contemporary response. While several collections have surveyed the Hardy landscape, no previous volume has been composed especially for scholars and advanced graduate students. This companion is specially designed to aid original research on Hardy and serve as the critical basis for Hardy studies in the new millennium. Among the features are a comprehensive bibliography that includes not only works in English but, in acknowledgment of Hardy's explosion in popularity around the world, also works in languages other than English.