Today, when a security incident happens, the top three questions a cyber operation center would ask are: What has happened? Why did it happen? What should I do? Answers to the first two questions form the core of Cyber Situation Awareness (SA). Whether the last question can be satisfactorily addressed is largely dependent upon the cyber situation awareness capability of an enterprise. The goal of this book is to present a summary of recent research advances in the development of highly desirable Cyber Situation Awareness capabilities. The 8 invited full papers presented in this volume are organized around the following topics: computer-aided human centric cyber situation awareness; computer and information science aspects of the recent advances in cyber situation awareness; learning and decision making aspects of the recent advances in cyber situation awareness; cognitive science aspects of the recent advances in cyber situation awareness

Motivation for the Book This book seeks to establish the state of the art in the cyber situational awareness area and to set the course for future research. A multidisciplinary group of leading researchers from cyber security, cognitive science, and decision science areas elab orate on the fundamental challenges facing the research community and identify promising solution paths. Today, when a security incident occurs, the top three questions security admin istrators would ask are in essence: What has happened? Why did it happen? What should I do? Answers to the ?rst two questions form the core of Cyber Situational Awareness. Whether the last question can be satisfactorily answered is greatly de pendent upon the cyber situational awareness capability of an enterprise. A variety of computer and network security research topics (especially some sys tems security topics) belong to or touch the scope of Cyber Situational Awareness. However, the Cyber Situational Awareness capability of an enterprise is still very limited for several reasons: • Inaccurate and incomplete vulnerability analysis, intrusion detection, and foren sics. • Lack of capability to monitor certain microscopic system/attack behavior. • Limited capability to transform/fuse/distill information into cyber intelligence. • Limited capability to handle uncertainty. • Existing system designs are not very “friendly” to Cyber Situational Awareness.

The importance of 'situation awareness' (SA) in assessing and predicting operator competence in complex environments has become increasingly apparent in recent years. It has been widely established that SA is a contributing factor to many commercial and military accidents and incidents. Yet determining exactly what constitutes SA is a very difficult task, given the complexity of the construct itself, and the many different processes involved with its acquisition and maintenance. This volume brings together recent developments from researchers and practitioners from around the world who are studying and applying SA from a cognitive perspective. The 41 contributors represent many different theoretical perspectives, research approaches and domains of application. Each chapter has a primary emphasis around one of three main topics - theory, measurement and application and examines the considerable inter-linkage between them. To bring further coherence to the book, all of the contributors received draft manuscripts of those chapters most relevant to their own. Designed to be completely international and interdisciplinary, the authors themselves present varied perspectives from academic departments and industrial organisations from around the world, and from broad applications - with contributions from researchers in the domains of process control, sport, aviation, transportation, and command and control. The readership includes practitioners, academics and researchers within human factors, ergonomics and industrial psychology; Graduate and Undergraduate students specialising within these areas during their final year.

This book reports on the latest research and developments in the field of cybersecurity, particularly focusing on personal security and new methods for reducing human error and increasing cyber awareness, as well as innovative solutions for increasing the security of advanced Information Technology (IT) infrastructures. It covers a broad range of topics, including methods for human training; novel cyber-physical and process-control systems; social, economic, and behavioral aspects of cyberspace; issues concerning the cybersecurity index; security metrics for enterprises; and risk evaluation. Based on the AHFE 2018 International Conference on Human Factors in Cybersecurity, held on July 21–25, 2018, in Orlando, Florida, USA, the book not only presents innovative cybersecurity technologies, but also discusses emerging threats, current gaps in the available systems, and future challenges that can be successfully overcome with the help of human factors research.

This book overviews the drivers behind the smart city vision, describes its dimensions and introduces the reference architecture. It further enumerates and classifies threats targeting the smart city concept, links corresponding attacks, and traces the impact of these threats on operations, society and the environment. This book also introduces analytics-driven situational awareness, provides an overview of the respective solutions and highlights the prevalent limitations of these methods. The research agenda derived from the study emphasizes the demand and challenges for developing holistic approaches to transition these methods to practice equipping the user with extensive knowledge regarding the detected attack instead of a sole indicator of ongoing malicious events. It introduces a cyber-situational awareness framework that can be integrated into smart city operations to provide timely evidence-based insights regarding cyber incidents and respective system responses to assist decision-making. This book targets researchers working in cybersecurity as well as advanced-level computer science students focused on this field. Cybersecurity operators will also find this book useful as a reference guide.

This book is the first publication to give a comprehensive, structured treatment to the important topic of situational awareness in cyber defense. It presents the subject in a logical, consistent, continuous discourse, covering key topics such as formation of cyber situational awareness, visualization and human factors, automated learning and inference, use of ontologies and metrics, predicting and assessing impact of cyber attacks, and achieving resilience of cyber and physical mission. Chapters include case studies, recent research results and practical insights described specifically for this book. Situational awareness is exceptionally prominent in the field of cyber defense. It involves science, technology and practice of perception, comprehension and projection of events and entities in cyber space. Chapters discuss the difficulties of achieving cyber situational awareness – along with approaches to overcoming the difficulties - in the relatively young field of cyber defense where key phenomena are so unlike the more conventional physical world. Cyber Defense and Situational Awareness is designed as a reference for practitioners of cyber security and developers of technology solutions for cyber defenders. Advanced-level students and researchers focused on security of computer networks will also find this book a valuable resource.

This book reports on the latest research and developments in the field of cybersecurity, giving a special emphasis on personal security and new methods for reducing human error and increasing cyber awareness, and innovative solutions for increasing the security of advanced Information Technology (IT) infrastructures. It covers a wealth of topics, including methods for human training, novel Cyber-Physical and Process-Control Systems, social, economic and behavioral aspects of the cyberspace, issues concerning the cyber security index, security metrics for enterprises, risk evaluation, and many others. Based on the AHFE 2016 International Conference on Human Factors in Cybersecurity, held on July 27-31, 2016, in Walt Disney World®, Florida, USA, this book not only presents innovative cybersecurity technologies, but also discusses emerging threats, current gaps in the available systems and future challenges that may be coped with through the help of human factors research.

These proceedings represent the work of contributors to the 7th International Conference on Tourism Research (ICTR 2024), hosted by the Centre for Tourism Research in Africa at the Cape Town Hotel School, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa on 18-19 March 2024. The Conference Chair is Prof Rishi Balkaran and the Programme Chair is Dr Chris Hattingh, both from Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT), South Africa. ICTR is a well-established event on the academic research calendar and now in its 7th year the key aim remains the opportunity for participants to share ideas and meet the people who hold them. The scope of papers will ensure an interesting two days. The subjects covered illustrate the wide range of topics that fall into this important and ever-growing area of research. Today, more than ever, there is a need for research and scientific guidance as the tourist sector struggles to cope with the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic, inflation, socio-political turbulences, climate change and disaster risk.

"This book provides academia and organizations insights into practical and applied solutions, frameworks, technologies, and implementations for situational awareness in computer networks"--Provided by publisher.