This new work examines how the European states, the United Kingdom and the United States will approach the defence and Security of Europe in the medium and long-term. It is often assumed that Brexit, the United Kingdom's departure from the political and commercial European Union, would affect defence and security profoundly, but the basis of that assumption is rarely analysed. Bringing together a panel of specialists from Europe, the UK, the EU, and the United States, this volume evaluates the relative position they play in Europe's defence in the era of Brexit. It examines the arguments, challenges, and problems in European defence, and tests them against the residual commitment, cohesion, and capabilities of the states concerned, including Anglo-French military co-operation, the silent Anglo-German partnership, the US-UK Special Relationship, and the emergent Northern Group. Robert Johnson is the Director of the Changing Character of War research centre, and Senior Research Fellow at Pembroke College, University of Oxford Janne Haaland Matlary, is from the Department of Political Science, University of Oslo and is Adjunct Professor at the Norwegian Defence Command and Staff College.

"On 19 June negotiations over Brexit started between the British and EU delegations. In these negotiations both sides have to address many fields that need to be disentangled. Although the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) is not the most pressing or most eye-catching field, it sure is of great political importance. The UK is one of Europe's leading military powers and exiting the EU will most surely affect the future outlook of European defence. This Report discusses the implications of Brexit for European defence and the CSDP. Firstly it analyses the UK's contribution to EU defence in general terms. What has Great Britain contributed to EU missions and operations, which capabilities does it bring to the table, and what is its share in research and development? Secondly this Policy Brief will look into the future relationship between the EU and the UK in terms of defence cooperation. What will this cooperation entail and which partnership models are possible? Finally, this Policy Brief will discuss how Brexit will affect the UK's defence role in Europe. To what extent will Brexit result in a different role for the UK in NATO and how will it influence EU-NATO cooperation? Could Brexit lead to an intensification of smaller--but perhaps more committed--clusters of defence cooperation? The Report concludes by listing a number of recommendations for the benefit of both negotiating sides, the EU-27 and the UK."--

Highlighting the challenges and prospects of European security cooperation, this volume examines the impact of Brexit on strategic aspects of security, peace, defence and foreign policy for both the European Union and the UK. It applies theoretical and methodological approaches from international relations and security studies to analyse the causal mechanisms of security cooperation, and covers topics including innovative security technologies, defence procurement, EU-NATO relations, new capabilities frameworks (such as PESCO, EDF and EII), the role of French-German military cooperation, and the implications of Brexit for European deterrence or the Northern Ireland peace process. The findings contribute to a better understanding and management of anticipated challenges and sources of instability in post-Brexit Europe.

By the middle of 2019, it is highly likely that the UK will no longer be a part of the EU. In direct response to Brexit, the EU has embarked on a path towards developing a much stronger EU security and defence union. Thus, a crucial question in the coming years will be how the UK-EU relationship will be organized after Britain leaves. As the scenarios put forward in this section have pointed out, the future relationship between the UK and the EU may develop in significantly different directions. While both the EU and the UK have an interest in retaining some relationship, it will not be a straightforward political or legal exercise to do so. The current process for strengthened EU defence and security cooperation focuses on developing joint capabilities rather than on institution building or the deployment of new missions. While member states agree on a step-by-step plan towards enhanced capabilities, there is still no clear end-goal for EU security and defence cooperation. From a political perspective, there are good reasons for continued involvement of the UK in EU security and defence cooperation post-Brexit. From a legal perspective however, it will be difficult to retain this involvement since the EU treaties only give decision-making competences to EU member states.

The United Kingdom's recent Strategic Defence Review (SDR) builds on a process of military transformation underway since the end of the Cold War. In contrast to earlier reforms, the SDR is firmly rooted in foreign policy and a clear intellectual framework for assessing the future size and shape of U.K. armed forces.

This book is written shortly after a referendum in the United Kingdom (UK) referred to as BREXIT whose results decided that the UK would leave the European Union (EU). It shows the thinking at the time in 2017 and 2018 before the exit on 29 March 2019 about intelligence, defence capability and defence industrial cooperation between the UK and other EU states.

Abstract: The United Kingdom (UK) Prime Minister Theresa May's official request, on March 29th, to leave the European Union (EU) will change the way European countries organise their defence policies. Europeans have always managed their defence via various channels: nationally, in the EU, through NATO and in smaller formats. Brexit will change the way these formats function and how they interact. The effect on the EU's Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) will be limited. NATO might benefit from a greater UK commitment, as can smaller formats. The result will be greater fragmentation in European defence, which risks weakening the Europeans' political and military capacity to act. (author's abstract)

Despite a looming split, the UK must seek to create a new relationship with the EU while strengthening ties with major European and non-European partners. Such measures could allow the UK to continue to contribute to resolving major security challenges.