Many teachers are increasingly concerned with how to best support the learning of the rising numbers of bilingual learners in schools – particularly those children who are new to English and therefore cannot yet communicate with the teacher or their peers in their first language – during the silent period. This book offers an alternative insight to that which is most commonly available to teachers and researchers, as instead of examining language acquisition purely from a linguistic approach; it explores the learning that is occurring through a sociocultural lens and even more significantly, from the young child’s perspective – the worm’s eye view. Investigated through the experiences of young bilingual learners allows the reader to make sense of the making meaning that occurs when the child cannot make sense of his/her new ‘world’; nor communicate verbally in the language of instruction in the classroom. Remarkably, learning through the silent period is revealed as both complex and ‘messy’ as the bilingual child mediates his or her own learning through a synthesis of alternative learning pathways. The silent period is presented as a crucial time for learning; distributed through a synthesis of close observation, intense listening and most significantly copying the practices of others. Throughout the silent period the children are not only seen to be learning but also contributing to the classroom practices. The book not only initiates new understandings of second language learning, but also offers creative ideas on how to raise the achievement of children who are learning English as an additional language.

While there are volumes that fall into the category of children’s literature, there appears to be relatively few that explore the needs of bilingual learners and the linguistic and sociocultural context of Latino children’s literature. This volume makes a needed contribution by addressing the social, cultural, academic, and linguistic needs of Latino bilingual learners who are still underserved through current school practices. We aim to conceptualize different forms of social knowledge so that they can serve as cultural resources for learning, acquiring knowledge, and transforming self and identity. This volume presents a balance of theory, research, and practice that speak to authentic multicultural Latino literature and helps ensure its availability for all students. The intended outcome of this volume then is to create a heightened awareness of the cultural and linguistic capital held by the Latino community, to increase Latino students’ social capital through the design of critical pedagogical practices, and for the formulation of a new perspective, that of Latino multicultural literature for children.

What do early childhood practitioners need to know about reflection and reflective practice? Ongoing reforms in early childhood care and education social policy affect all aspects of young children’s and their families’ lives. Decisions are being undertaken at a rapid pace and there is a need for those working in the field of Early Years to consolidate and reflect on their knowledge and practice, building on what they already know. This timely new book aims to support reflective practice for those working with young children in everyday work and in the wider political context, whatever their professional role and whatever level of qualification they hold. It takes a fresh look at a breadth of issues relating to early childhood care and education reflecting on policy, knowledge and practice. Incorporating practical reflection activities, case studies, exemplar scenarios and questions in each chapter the book considers: policy developments and how these have affected young children and their families issues around socio-culturalism, language, ethnicity, disposition, gender, inclusion and socio-economics when working with families learning through play and the notions of quality, observation and assessment and continuity contemporary issues that practitioners and students on placement may encounter in their everyday work deepening reflective thinking and practice through ongoing and continuing professional development. With practical guidance to help the reader reflect on their own practice, this text offers invaluable support to early years practitioners looking to develop their career and achieving higher qualification at both undergraduate and at Master’s level. The book is a must for students on early years courses including early childhood studies, initial teacher training and early years teacher status.

This Handbook presents current research on children and youth in ethnic minority families. It reflects the development currently taking place in the field of social sciences research to highlight the positive adaptation of minority children and youth. It offers a succinct synthesis of where the field is and where it needs to go. It brings together an international group of leading researchers, and, in view of globalization and increased migration and immigration, it addresses what aspects of children and youth growing in ethnic minority families are universal across contexts and what aspects are more context-specific. The Handbook examines the individual, family, peers, and neighborhood/policy factors that protect children and promote positive adaptation. It examines the factors that support children’s social integration, psychosocial adaptation, and external functioning. Finally, it looks at the mechanisms that explain why social adaptation occurs.

Silence in language learning is commonly viewed negatively, with language teachers often struggling to interpret learner silence and identify whether it is part of communication, mental processing, or low engagement. This book addresses silence in language pedagogy from a positive perspective, translating research into practice in order to inform teaching and to advocate greater use of positive silence in the classroom. The first half of the book examines the existing research into silence, and the second half provides research-informed practical strategies and classroom tasks. It offers applicable principles for task design that utilises rich resources, which include visual arts, mental representation, poetry, music, and other innovative tools, to allow both silence and speech to express their respective and interrelated roles in learning. Comprehensive yet accessible, it is essential reading for academic researchers and students in applied linguistics, TESOL, and language teaching, as well as for language teachers and educators.

This is the first international and interdisciplinary handbook to offer a comprehensive and an in-depth overview of findings from contemporary research, theory, and practice in early childhood language education in various parts of the world and with different populations. The contributions by leading scholars and practitioners are structured to give a survey of the topic, highlight its importance, and provide a critical stance. The book covers preschool ages, and looks at children belonging to diverse ethno-linguistic groups and experiencing different histories and pathways of their socio-linguistic and socio-cultural development and early education. The languages under the scope of this handbook are identified by the contributors as immigrant languages, indigenous, endangered, heritage, regional, minority, majority, and marginalized, as well as foreign and second languages, all of which are discussed in relation to early language education as the key concept of the handbook. In this volume, “early language education” will refer to any kind of setting, both formal and informal (e.g. nursery, kindergarten, early childhood education centers, complementary early schooling etc.) in which language learning within a context of children's sociolinguistic diversity takes place before elementary school.

The domain of Communication Disorders has grown exponentially in the last two decades and has come to encompass much more than audiology, speech impediments and early language impairment. The realization that most developmental and learning disorders are language-based or language-related has brought insights from theoretical and empirical linguistics and its clinical applications to the forefront of Communication Disorders science. The current handbook takes an integrated psycholinguistic, neurolinguistic, and sociolinguistic perspective on Communication Disorders by targeting the interface between language and cognition as the context for understanding disrupted abilities and behaviors and providing solutions for treatment and therapy. Researchers and practitioners will be able to find in this handbook state-of-the-art information on typical and atypical development of language and communication (dis)abilities across the human lifespan from infancy to the aging brain, covering all major clinical disorders and conditions in various social and communicative contexts, such as spoken and written language and discourse, literacy issues, bilingualism, and socio-economic status.

A multi-disciplinary and holistic approach to the well-being of young children to support child development modules on a variety of programmes. The emotional, physical and social well-being of young children is a prime area of the new Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) and is at the forefront of current policy and debate. This text goes beyond issues of safeguarding to address how the well-being of young children can be affected by a range of circumstances and how well-being is promoted by professionals from a variety of disciplines. It looks at various aspects of well-being in the young child from a number of perspectives, and examines key issues such as special and additional needs, poverty and deprivation, abuse, race, ethnicity and culture.

StoryFrames: supporting silent children in the classroom. How does a teacher support a child who has recently arrived at school, speaking another language, and who remains completely silent at school for weeks or months, not participating in class and not even playing with other children? The child's parents often report that the child speaks and plays normally at home, with their family and with other children who speak the child's language. These children, undergoing the "Silent Period", are usually children who have relocated from another country, either voluntarily or as refugees or migrants. For a variety of reasons, these children do not have the resilience needed to cope with the many changes and anxieties they have experienced. The losses for these children are more than the loss of familiar faces, places and conversations; the loss of their home language is experienced as a loss of the self they had known before the relocation. The psychoanalytic theories of Colette Granger provide a way to understand the experiences of these migrant children. The StoryFrames book sets out an easy-to-follow, low-cost method of supporting these children, enabling them to emerge from their silence, and to play with other children. The book is written by a speech and language therapist, but any teacher, social worker or volunteer, who is experienced in working with young children, can run this programme. The methodology of this programme is grounded in the developmental theories of Winnicott and Vygotsky and as such it stresses the nature and quality of the teacher/child relationship which is at the core of this kind of work. The book explores the feelings not only of the child in this situation, but also of the teacher working with such a child; such a teacher must deal with their own anxieties about what the child is experiencing, and about whether they, as the teacher who is expected to solve these problems, could be doing something different. The StoryFrames method is not only for second language learners. It has been successfully used with children who have a wide range of communication disabilities. Children with Developmental Language Disorder, children who stutter, children with intellectual disabilities and Highly Sensitive Children have all benefited from the use of this programme, which uses narrative and pretend play to help the child to develop linguistic and cognitive skills, as well as to have the confidence needed to communicate with others, in spite of the difficulties. This book is an invaluable source of information for anyone wanting to understand the nature of the teacher or speech therapist's relationship with children with communication difficulties, and should be essential reading for trainee speech and language therapists, as well as for teachers training in early years education.