Reprint of the original, first published in 1882.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction: in the footsteps of Franz Boas -- 2 Franz Boas and the argument from presumption -- 3 Demarcating anthropology: the boundary work of Alfred Kroeber -- 4 Theodosius Dobzhansky and the argument from definition -- 5 Unifying science by creating community: the epideictic rhetoric of Sherwood Washburn -- 6 A kairos moment unmet and met: the controversy over Carleton Coon's The Origin of Races -- 7 Epilogue: the roots of the Sociobiology controversy, the infirmities of Evolutionary Psychology, and the unity of anthropology -- Index

Race and separate races of human beings do not exist. They are a myth. Yet, racism is very real. Because racism is the namesake of something that does not exist, there is general confusion about what it actually is. This confusion has served to protect racism, and even reinforce it. By reviewing the entire history of racism, this book shows exactly what racism is: a subjective system of ranking groups of people and the belief that there is a natural social order of those groups. The lie of inferior and superior groups of people originated as a justification for slavery. Plantation owners, lawmakers, and scientists carefully nurtured the myth until long after slavery had ended. It has survived for centuries and continues to be used to separate people. Every white person needs to be aware of that history in order to understand how the myth of race and a hierarchy of humanity lingers in each of us and in all of our institutions.

The Origin and Development of the Moral Ideas is a book by а philosopher Edvard Westermarck. It is one of his main works and a monumental classics study in its field. At the beginning of this book, Westermarck asks why different cultures have different moral views. To answer this question, he decided to acquire first-hand knowledge of the folklore of a non-European people. Thus, he spent four years in Morocco collecting anthropological data, familiarizing himself with the native way of thinking, and understanding local customs. In the result he concluded, he concluded that there is a close connection between moral opinions and religious beliefs.

Based upon material delivered at the University of Virginia in the fall of 1948 as the James W. Richard lectures.