"The Routledge Handbook of Social Studies of Outer Space offers a state-of-the-art overview of contemporary social and cultural research on outer space. With over thirty contributions by leading researchers across a variety of disciplines, it explores the question of why and how to study outer space and provides scholars, practitioners and upper-level students with novel perspectives and critical interventions on a wide range of debates. The volume reflects on the lineages of conceptualizations and studies of outer space and poses key questions about the crafting of futures in relation to space. The chapters address themes including: the study of the human body and consciousness; the various infrastructures, networks and systems that enable and sustain space exploration; the fundamental question of life in outer space both as it pertains to astrobiology, SETI, and the study of human health in spaceflight. The Handbook is a call to attend more carefully to the ways in which we engage critically with outer space, both empirically, affectively and theoretically, while characterizing current research practices and outlining future research agendas"--

The Routledge Handbook of Social Studies of Outer Space offers state-of-the-art overview of contemporary social and cultural research on outer space. International in scope, the thirty-eight contributions by over fifty leading researchers and artists across a variety of disciplines and fields of knowledge, present a range of debates and pose key questions about the crafting of futures in relation to outer space. The Handbook is a call to attend more carefully to engagements with outer space, empirically, affectively, and theoretically, while characterizing current research practices and outlining future research agendas. This recalibration opens profound questions of intersectional politics, race, equity, and environmental justice around the contested topics of space exploration and life off-Earth. Among the many themes included in the volume are the various infrastructures, networks and systems that enable and sustain space exploration; space heritage; the ethics of outer space; social and environmental justice; fundamental debates about life in outer space as it pertains to both astrobiology and SETI; the study of scientific communities; the human body and consciousness; Indigenous astronomical systems of Knowledge; contemporary space art; and ongoing critical interventions to overcome the legacies of colonialism and dismantle hegemonic narratives of outer space.

"Space, to use a worn metaphor, is in the mind of the beholder. When we contemplate the seemingly limitless universe, we tend to project onto space our own hopes and dreams (as well as our fears and anxieties). But like responses to Rorschach inkblots, there are many different hopes, dreams, fears, and anxieties that one can project onto the night's sky. To those who approach it with a thirst for profits, space appears as a resource-rich goldmine, beckoning to anyone with enough wealth and privilege to take advantage of untapped markets. To those who approach it with a yearning for human expansion, space appears as a frontier that is humanity's birthright to conquer, its new manifest destiny. To those who approach it with a passion for knowledge and understanding, space appears as a tantalizing and pristine laboratory for scientific exploration. In these ways, our visions for humanity's future in space--what planets and moons we hope to visit, what we hope to accomplish when we get there--are more products of our perspectives about space (and our underlying worldviews and value systems) than anything else"--

This book maps out the moral, legal and societal issues brought forth by the use of autonomous systems such as AI and smart robots in outer space. Humanity is on the brink of a new space era in which projects for permanent human colonies on the Moon and space missions with autonomous AI systems will soon become a reality. Principles and provisions of international space law fall increasingly short in tackling this scenario. Experts and institutions have recommended improvements to the legal framework, such as new international agreements, or policies that would not require any amendment to conventional law. Most of the time, such proposals and recommendations overlook the challenges posed by technology and how autonomous and intelligent systems in outer space require moral and legal standards of their own. This book argues that the traditional focus on satellite communications, space-related services, and the appropriability of celestial resources needs to be integrated by new laws of outer space regulating cybersecurity law and environmental law, data governance and consumer protection. The new laws of outer space will increasingly concern the development of new standards for the behaviour and decision-making of AI systems and smart robots, with and without humans aboard deep space missions and in next-generation colonies. What laws shall govern us out there, in a new terra incognita? This is the question that the book sets out to answer.

The Routledge Handbook of Psychoanalysis in the Social Sciences and Humanities provides a comprehensive, critical overview of the historical, theoretical and applied forms of psychoanalytical criticism. This path-breaking Handbook offers students new ways of understanding the powers and limits of psychoanalysis, and of the social, cultural and political possibilities of psychoanalytic critique. The book offers students and professionals clear and concise chapters on the development of psychoanalysis, introducing key theories that have influenced debates over the psyche, desire and emotion in the social sciences and humanities. There are substantive chapters on classical Freudian theory, Kleinian and Bionian theory, object-relations psychoanalysis, Lacanian and post-Lacanian approaches, feminist psychoanalysis, as well as postmodern trends in psychoanalysis. There is a strong emphasis on interdisciplinary approaches to psychoanalytic critique, with contributions drawing from developments in sociology, politics, history, cultural studies, women’s studies and architecture.

The Routledge International Handbook of Globalization Studies offers students clear and informed chapters on the history of globalization and key theories that have considered the causes and consequences of the globalization process. There are substantive sections looking at demographic, economic, technological, social and cultural changes in globalization. The handbook examines many negative aspects – new wars, slavery, illegal migration, pollution and inequality – but concludes with an examination of responses to these problems through human rights organizations, international labour law and the growth of cosmopolitanism. There is a strong emphasis on interdisciplinary approaches with essays covering sociology, demography, economics, politics, anthropology and history. The Handbook, written in a clear and direct style, will appeal to a wide audience. The extensive references and sources will direct students to areas of further study.

This handbook is a reference work providing a comprehensive, objective and comparative overview of Space Law. The global space economy reached $330 billion in 2015, with a growth rate of 9 per cent vis-à-vis the previous year. Consequently, Space Law is changing and expanding expeditiously, especially at the national level. More laws and regulations are being adopted by space-faring nations, while more countries are adapting their Space Laws and regulations related to activities in outer space. More regulatory bodies are being created, while more regulatory diversity (from public law to private law) is being instituted as increasing and innovative activities are undertaken by private entities which employ new technologies and business initiatives. At the international level, Space Law (both hard law and soft law) is expanding in certain areas, especially in satellite broadcasting and telecommunications. The Routledge Handbook of Space Law summarises the existing state of knowledge on a comprehensive range of topics and aspires to set the future international research agenda by indicating gaps and inconsistencies in the existing law and highlighting emerging legal issues. Unlike other books on the subject, it addresses major international and national legal aspects of particular space activities and issues, rather than providing commentary on or explanations about a particular Space Law treaty or national regulation. Drawing together contributions from leading academic scholars and practicing lawyers from around the world, the volume is divided into five key parts: • Part I: General Principles of International Space Law • Part II: International Law of Space Applications • Part III: National Regulation of Space Activities • Part IV: National Regulation of Navigational Satellite Systems • Part V: Commercial Aspects of Space Law This handbook is both practical and theoretical in scope, and may serve as a reference tool to academics, professionals and policy-makers with an interest in Space Law.

This book examines the recent shift in US space policy and the forces that continually draw the US back into a space-technology security dilemma. The dual-use nature of the vast majority of space technology, meaning of value to both civilian and military communities and being unable to differentiate offensive from defensive intent of military hardware, makes space an area particularly ripe for a security dilemma. In contrast to previous administrations, the Obama Administration has pursued a less militaristic space policy, instead employing a strategic restraint approach that stressed multilateral diplomacy to space challenges. The latter required international solutions and the United States, subsequently, even voiced support for an International Code of Conduct for Space. That policy held until the Chinese anti-satellite (ASAT) test in 2013, which demonstrated expanded Chinese capabilities. This volume explores the issues arising from evolving space capabilities across the world and the security challenges this poses. It subsequently discusses the complexity of the space environment and argues that all tools of national power must be used, with some degree of balance, toward addressing space challenges and achieving space goals. This book will be of much interest to students of space policy, defence studies, foreign policy, security studies and IR.

The Routledge Handbook of Anthropology and Reproduction is a comprehensive overview of the topics, approaches, and trajectories in the anthropological study of human reproduction. The book brings together work from across the discipline of anthropology, with contributions by established and emerging scholars in archaeological, biological, linguistic, and sociocultural anthropology. Across these areas of research, consideration is given to the contexts, conditions, and contingencies that mark and shape the experiences of reproduction as always gendered, classed, and racialized. Over 39 chapters, a diverse range of international scholars cover topics including: Reproductive governance, stratification, justice, and freedom. Fertility and infertility. Technologies and imaginations. Queering reproduction. Pregnancy, childbirth, and reproductive loss. Postpartum and infant care. Care, kinship, and alloparenting. This is a valuable reference for scholars and upper-level students in anthropology and related disciplines associated with reproduction, including sociology, gender studies, science and technology studies, human development and family studies, global health, public health, medicine, medical humanities, and midwifery and nursing.

Introduction Section One: History Philosophy and Theory 1. The Nineteenth Century 'Golden Age' of Cultural Tourism: How the Beaten Track of the Intellectuals became the Modern Tourist Trail 2. Cultivated Pursuits: Cultural tourism as Metempsychosis and Metensomatosis 3. Talking Tourists: The Intimacies of Inter-cultural Dialogue 4. The (Im)mobility of Tourism Imaginaries 5. Reflections on Globalization and Cultural Tourism 6. Philosophy and the Nature of the Authentic 7. The Multilogical Imagination: Tourism Studies and the Imperative for Postdisciplinary Knowing Section Two: Politics, Policy and Economics 8. Tourism Policy Challenges: Balancing Acts, Co-operative Stakeholders and Maintaining Authenticity 9. Co-operation as a Central Element of Cultural Tourism: A German Perspective 10. Territory, Culture, Nationalism, and the Politics of Place 11. Cultural Lessons: the Case of Portuguese Tourism during Estado Novo 12. The Establishment of National Heritage Tourism: Celebrations for the 150th Anniversary of the Unification of Italy 13. Potential Methods for Measuring Economic Impacts of Cultural Tourism 14. The Economic Impacts of Cultural Tourism 15. The Economic Value of Cultural Tourism: Determinants of Cultural Tourists' Expenditures 16. Can the Value Chain of a Cultural Tourism Destination be Measured? Section Three: Social Patterns and Trends 17. Cultural Tourism and the Mobilities Paradigm 18. Erasmus Students - the 'Ambassadors' of Cultural Tourism 19. Performing and Recording Culture: Reflexivity in Tourism Research 20. Cosmopolitanism and Hospitality 21. Hospitality 22. A Darker Type of Cultural Tourism 23. Tattoo Tourism in the Contemporary West and in Thailand Section Four: Community and Development 24. Tourism, Anthropology and Cultural Configuration Souvenirs and Cultural Tourism 25. Documenting Culture through Film in Touristic Settings 26. Understanding Indigenous Tourism 27. Indigenous Tourism and the Challenge of Sustainability 28. Maori Tourism: A Case Study of Managing Indigenous Cultural Values 29. Social Entrepreneurship and Cultural Tourism in Developing Economies Section Five: Landscapes and Destinations 30. Space and Place-making Space, Culture and Tourism31. The Development of the Historic Landscape as a Cultural Tourism Product32. Finding a Place for Heritage in South East Asian cities 33. Campus Tourism, Universities and Destination Development 34. Cultural Heritage Resources of Traditional Agricultural Landscapes - Inspired by Chinese Experiences35. Special Interest Cultural Tourism Products: The Case of Gyimes in Transylvania Section Six: Regeneration and Planning 36. Tourism Development Trajectories- From Culture to Creativity? 37. Critiquing Creativity in Tourism 38. Cultural Tourism Development in the Post-Industrial City: Development Strategies and Critical Reflection 39. After the Crisis: Cultural Tourism and Urban Regeneration in Europe 40. From the Dual Tourist City to the Creative Melting Pot: the Liquid Geographies of Global Cultural Consumption 41. Regeneration and Cultural Quarters: Changing Urban Cultural Space 42. 'Ethnic Quarters': Exotic Islands of Trans-national Hotbeds of Innovation? 43. Ethnic Tourism: Who is Exotic for Whom? Section Seven: The Tourist and Visitor Experience 44. The Tactical Tourist - Growing Self-awareness and Challenging the Strategists: Visitor Groups in Berlin 45. Cultural Routes, Trails and the Experience of Place 46. Cultural Value Perception in the Memorable Tourism Experience 47. An Experiential Approach to Differentiating Tourism Offers in Cultural Heritage 48. Visitor Experiences in Cultural Spaces 49. Engaging with Generation Y at Museums Conclusions and Future Directions for Cultural Tourism Research.