This classic textbook by Eberhard Sturm is the only up-to-date PL/I book currently available in the English language which shows the range of the new PL/I on the computer platforms OS/2, Windows, AIX and z/OS – the basis being the new PL/I compiler from IBM. The language was extended by the package concept, abstract data types, attributes to communicate with C programs and more than a hundred BUILTIN functions. The book provides the basis for certification as an “IBM Certified PL/I Programmer/Developer”. Suitable for self-study, it introduces all areas of the language. It is a useful source of ideas and information for those programmers who already have a certain level of experience as well as those who only want to discover the variety of new language features.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Despite using them every day, most software engineers know little about how programming languages are designed and implemented. For many, their only experience with that corner of computer science was a terrifying "compilers" class that they suffered through in undergrad and tried to blot from their memory as soon as they had scribbled their last NFA to DFA conversion on the final exam. That fearsome reputation belies a field that is rich with useful techniques and not so difficult as some of its practitioners might have you believe. A better understanding of how programming languages are built will make you a stronger software engineer and teach you concepts and data structures you'll use the rest of your coding days. You might even have fun. This book teaches you everything you need to know to implement a full-featured, efficient scripting language. You'll learn both high-level concepts around parsing and semantics and gritty details like bytecode representation and garbage collection. Your brain will light up with new ideas, and your hands will get dirty and calloused. Starting from main(), you will build a language that features rich syntax, dynamic typing, garbage collection, lexical scope, first-class functions, closures, classes, and inheritance. All packed into a few thousand lines of clean, fast code that you thoroughly understand because you wrote each one yourself.

History of Programming Languages presents information pertinent to the technical aspects of the language design and creation. This book provides an understanding of the processes of language design as related to the environment in which languages are developed and the knowledge base available to the originators. Organized into 14 sections encompassing 77 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the programming techniques to use to help the system produce efficient programs. This text then discusses how to use parentheses to help the system identify identical subexpressions within an expression and thereby eliminate their duplicate calculation. Other chapters consider FORTRAN programming techniques needed to produce optimum object programs. This book discusses as well the developments leading to ALGOL 60. The final chapter presents the biography of Adin D. Falkoff. This book is a valuable resource for graduate students, practitioners, historians, statisticians, mathematicians, programmers, as well as computer scientists and specialists.

This book unifies a broad range of programming language concepts under the framework of type systems and structural operational semantics.

A comprehensive introduction to type systems and programming languages. A type system is a syntactic method for automatically checking the absence of certain erroneous behaviors by classifying program phrases according to the kinds of values they compute. The study of type systems—and of programming languages from a type-theoretic perspective—has important applications in software engineering, language design, high-performance compilers, and security. This text provides a comprehensive introduction both to type systems in computer science and to the basic theory of programming languages. The approach is pragmatic and operational; each new concept is motivated by programming examples and the more theoretical sections are driven by the needs of implementations. Each chapter is accompanied by numerous exercises and solutions, as well as a running implementation, available via the Web. Dependencies between chapters are explicitly identified, allowing readers to choose a variety of paths through the material. The core topics include the untyped lambda-calculus, simple type systems, type reconstruction, universal and existential polymorphism, subtyping, bounded quantification, recursive types, kinds, and type operators. Extended case studies develop a variety of approaches to modeling the features of object-oriented languages.

Oracle's Workgroup or Enterprise Server, are the world's largest selling RDBMS products. It is estimated that the combined sales of both these Oracle products account for more than 80% of RDBMS products. It is estimated that the combines sales of both these Oracle products account for more than 80% of RDBMS engines sold worldwide.A very large amount of commercial applications are developed around these products. Most ERP software such as SAP R3, Avalon, Marshall, PeopleSoft, Oracle Applications and a host of other such client software work with the Oracle RDBMS engine worldwide.Whether a corporate entity chooses to use Oracle Work Group of Enterprise Server, the natural programming language of both of these products in ANSI SQL and PL/SQL. This book has been written to address the need of programmers who wish to have a ready reference book, with examples, which covers ANSI SQL and PL/SQL.The creating of User Defined Functions, Procedures, Database triggers and other specific data processing PL/SQL code blocks for commercial applications will always required programmers who can code comfortably in ANSI SQL and PL/SQL.Exception handling, Oracle's default locking and User defined locking has been covered in a fair amount of detail. However these areas are of great interest to commercial application developers Programmers with these explicit skills will always find employment in that segment of the software industry, which develops commercial applications.I have tried to use my extensive commercial application development experience in Oracle using ANSI SQL and PL/SQL to produce a book that has answers to most of the questions that seem to puzzle programmers in ANSI SQL and PL/SQL.Every single programming question has not been answered, indeed if I tried to actually do that I would fail since I believe that I myself have not encountered every single programming problem. However, I''ve chosen several key areas in commercial applications and tried to address a set of issues that most commercial applications developers require.Concepts are built using simple language. Examples have easily understood logic. Once this is grasped, the skill gained, must allow any commercial application developer to develop programs in ANSI SQL and PL/SQL very very quickly

1. Introduction 2. Syntax 3. Operational semantics 4. Denotational semantics 5. Fixed points 6. FL: a functional language 7. Naming 8. State 9. Control 10. Data 11. Simple types 12. Polymorphism and higher-order types 13. Type reconstruction 14. Abstract types 15. Modules 16. Effects describe progran behavior 17. Compilation 18. Garbage collection.