The International Ocean Transport Industry in Crisis

The International Ocean Transport Industry in Crisis
Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Total Pages : 54
Release :
ISBN-10 :
ISBN-13 :
Rating : 4/5 ( Downloads)

Synopsis The International Ocean Transport Industry in Crisis by : Hans Jürgen Peters

The world's ocean transport industry faces an unprecedented crisis. Fundamental changes in the seatrade markets and considerable discrepancies between tonnage supply and the demand for transport are the key reasons. The international fleet has become critically overaged and suffers from a deteriorating safety record. Serious retrenching and sharp long- term planning are needed but -- tampered by reduced freight earnings, rising insurance costs, and a shortage of investment capital.

The Maritime Transport Crisis

The Maritime Transport Crisis
Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Total Pages : 54
Release :
ISBN-10 : 0821327143
ISBN-13 : 9780821327142
Rating : 4/5 (43 Downloads)

Synopsis The Maritime Transport Crisis by : Hans Jürgen Peters

Effective planning and management of urban infrastructure is essential to improving the standard of living in rapidly developing urban areas. Deterioration or cessation of services can create health risks, limit economic productivity, damage public and private property, and lead to congestion in transport and communications. But effective infrastructure services are impossible without adequate records and maps of municipal facilities, particularly those underground. The authors review recent developments in the recording and mapping of urban infrastructure. The paper identifies the institutional, organizational, and technological issues involved and explores some strategic options for addressing these pressing issues. The options discussed include how best to determine the proper institutional structure, develop human resources, and make the best use of technology. The authors perceive an urgent need for development of legal frameworks to make recordkeeping more comprehensive and compatible among various utilities, localities, and governmental bodies. They advise that immediate attention be given to a particular organizational issue: in many utilities no one department is responsible for collecting and processing data, and even when such responsibility is designated, the methods to be used are unclear or the resources are inadequate. The paper offers case studies and concludes that improvements in utility mapping and recordkeeping are cost effective, enhance the efficiency of the utility, and improve the overall quality of urban life.

Norwegian Shipping in the 20th Century

Norwegian Shipping in the 20th Century
Author :
Publisher : Springer
Total Pages : 336
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9783319956398
ISBN-13 : 3319956396
Rating : 4/5 (98 Downloads)

Synopsis Norwegian Shipping in the 20th Century by : Stig Tenold

This book is open access under a CC BY NC ND 4.0 license. This open access book discusses how Norwegian shipping companies played a crucial role in global shipping markets in the 20th century, at times transporting more than ten per cent of world seaborne trade. Chapters explore how Norway managed to remain competitive, despite being a high labour-cost country in an industry with global competition. Among the features that are emphasised are market developments, business strategies and political decisions The Norwegian experience was shaped by the main breaking points in 20th century world history, such as the two world wars, and by long-term trends, such as globalization and liberalization. The shipping companies introduced technological and organizational innovations to build or maintain a competitive advantage in a rapidly changing world. The growing importance of offshore petroleum exploration in the North Sea from the 1970s was both a threat and an opportunity to the shipping companies. By adapting both business strategies and the political regime to the new circumstances, the Norwegian shipping sector managed to maintain a leading position internationally.

Review of Maritime Transport 2020

Review of Maritime Transport 2020
Author :
Publisher : UN
Total Pages : 0
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9211129931
ISBN-13 : 9789211129939
Rating : 4/5 (31 Downloads)

Synopsis Review of Maritime Transport 2020 by : United Nations

This series contains the decisions of the Court in both the English and French texts.

Foreign Direct Investment in a Macroeconomic Framework

Foreign Direct Investment in a Macroeconomic Framework
Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Total Pages : 35
Release :
ISBN-10 :
ISBN-13 :
Rating : 4/5 ( Downloads)

Synopsis Foreign Direct Investment in a Macroeconomic Framework by : Maxwell J. Fry

Does foreign direct investment affect national saving both directly and indirectly through the rate of economic growth? It depends on which countries you're talking about. Pacific Basin countries appear to differ markedly from some other developing countries.

Poverty and Policy

Poverty and Policy
Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Total Pages : 126
Release :
ISBN-10 :
ISBN-13 :
Rating : 4/5 ( Downloads)

Synopsis Poverty and Policy by : Michael Lipton

The Simple(r) Algebra of Pension Plans

The Simple(r) Algebra of Pension Plans
Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Total Pages : 40
Release :
ISBN-10 :
ISBN-13 :
Rating : 4/5 ( Downloads)

Synopsis The Simple(r) Algebra of Pension Plans by : Dimitri Vittas

Unless the real rate of interest exceeds the growth rate of real wages by a significant margin, payment of a reasonable pension rate requires a high contribution rate or a high active worklife ratio.