Tim J. R. Trumper draws on his decades of historical, biblical, and theological research into the doctrine of adoption to offer a unique reflection on the Sonship debate—one with lasting implications for the Reformed tradition. Much the buzz in confessional Presbyterian circles around the turn of the millennium, the debate concerned the discipleship course developed by practical theologian John C. (“Jack”) Miller (1928–1996) and his wife Rose Marie. Whereas some attested to God’s use of Sonship in their spiritual rejuvenation, others questioned its Reformed credentials. Setting the debate, in pioneering fashion, against the backdrop of the historical theology of adoption, Trumper offers an assessment that is enlightening, evenhanded, and constructive. His fresh portrayal of the history of the Reformed tradition teaches the value of pausing before rushing to judgment, and is a reminder that the meeting of spiritual needs requires more biblical exposition not less of it. While addressing the points of debate, When History Teaches Us Nothing is, above all, a call to the church to recover the doctrine of adoption, and to the Reformed community to revive her creative orthodoxy, to recapture Scripture’s balance of the juridical and familial aspects of the faith, and to do so with grace.

When History Teaches Us Nothing is an early historical reflection on the recent Reformed debate over the late John C. ("Jack") Miller's Sonship Discipleship Course. Miller (1928-1996), an erstwhile professor of practical theology at Westminster Theological Seminary (Pennsylvania) and an influential pastor in the New Life congregations of the Presbyterian Church in America, sought to minister to the jaded by accenting God's grace in the gospel. Gradually fears grew that his approach was spawning, among other things, an antinomianism and a revivalism antithetical to Reformed theology and piety. While not dismissing these concerns, Trumper argues that Sonship can only be accurately evaluated once it is understood in light of the practical loss within conservative Presbyterianism (i.e., within Westminster Calvinism) of the gracious Fatherhood of God and the sonship of believers. Drawing on his knowledge of the theological history of adoption, Trumper notes the significant parallels between Miller's protest of paternal grace and that of the early nineteenth-century Scottish churchman John Macleod Campbell (notably his stress on the life of sonship--"the prospective aspect of the atonement"). Trumper thus cautions today's Westminster Calvinists against repeating their forebears' mistake, which was to dismiss the validity of Campbell's protest on the basis of the problems with his proposed solution. By so arguing, the author provides a more balanced and constructive response to the debate, highlighting its potential for the biblical renewal of Westminster Calvinism. Essential to this renewal is the recovery of the Fatherhood of God and of adoption, the evening out of attention accorded the Bible's forensic and relational (specifically familial) elements, and the better reflection of the theology and tenor of the New Testament (especially). Only such a renewal, Trumper argues, can render superfluous further protests for paternal grace.

I saw the woman drunk with the blood of the saints and the blood of the martyrs of Jesus. And when I saw her, I marveled with great amazement. But the angel said to me, ""Why did you marvel? I will tell you the mystery of the woman and of the beast that carries her, which has the seven heads and the ten horns."" Revelation 17:6-7. -- Back cover

The history of a State, or a county, writes author J. B. Alexander, "is almost entirely the history of the people who constitute the inhabitants." Indeed, Alexander devotes a substantial portion of his History of Mecklenburg County from 1740 to 1900 to biographical sketches of former citizens of the county, often giving such information as date and place of birth, parents' names, date of arrival in Mecklenburg County, education, profession, military service, and names of spouse and children. Many of these Mecklenburg residents descended from the Scotch-Irish immigrants who populated the early settlements of the county, which was formed in 1762 and originally encompassed a large area that included what is now Union, Cabarrus, Gaston, Lincoln, Cleveland, and Rutherford counties, as well as the upper portions of present-day South Carolina. Later waves of immigration brought settlers from Maryland, Pennsylvania, Germany, and Ireland to the area.