Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral)--University of London. Queen Mary, 2011.

A detailed article-by-article commentary on the Energy Charter Treaty, including coverage and analysis of the Treaty's history, background, jurisprudence, and reference to relationships with other treaties.

The Commentary on the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) provides a unique, article-by-article, textual analysis of this important international agreement. The ECT outlines a multilateral framework for cross-border cooperation in the energy sector based on the principles of open competitive markets and sustainable development.

Against the background of climate change, Ottavio Quirico explores how regulatory conflicts between the Energy Charter Treaty and the law of the European Union should be resolved.

The Energy Charter Treaty, initiated by the 1991 European Energy Charter and completed in December 1994, is an innovative major multilateral investment and trade treaty. The book has an introduction by Ruud Lubbers who, as the Dutch Prime Minister, played the key role in initiating the Energy Charter negotiations. It brings together contributions on the energy/investment background, the geopolitical context, the Energy Charter negotiations and the relevant specific topics of the Treaty (focusing on investment and trade, but also environment, competition and transit) by the key specialists on the subject, ranging from countries such as the US (which in the end decided not to join the Treaty) to Russia and Kazakhstan, including energy and investment specialists, international investment and commercial lawyers and arbitrators. The contributors include noted international energy/economic law authorities, but also key participants and observers of the Treaty negotiations. This book is intended to provide the first authoritative analysis of the background, negotiations and content of the Energy Charter Treaty and to provide support and guidance for subsequent negotiations and the difficult challenges involved in interpretation and application of the Treaty. It will be an essential tool for anybody working with the Energy Charter Treaty. The book contains in its annex the major documents of the Treaty: The 1991 European Energy Charter, the 1994 Treaty and its relevant Protocols, Annexes, Understandings and Final Act Declarations.

This thoroughly revised edition of the Commentary on the Energy Charter Treaty presents a comprehensive overview of the latest trends surrounding this important international agreement. Providing a unique, article-by-article, textual analysis, updated chapters cover the full breadth of topics and developments of the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT), situated in the broader context of international economic law and governance. This edition also offers detailed coverage of the modernization process of the ECT, and carefully analyses important criticisms of the instrument.

Energy Dispute Resolution: Investment Protection, Transit and the Energy Charter Treaty is a compilation of written contributions prepared in the context of a conference organized by the Energy Charter Secretariat, in cooperation with five other well-known legal institutions (the Arbitration Institute of the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce, the British Institute of International and Comparative Law, the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes, the International Chamber of Commerce and the Permanent Court of Arbitration). This highly successful conference took place in Brussels in October 2009. Energy Dispute Resolution: Investment Protection, Transit and the Energy Charter Treaty focuses on investment arbitration under the Energy Charter Treaty (or ECT) and on transit dispute resolution under the ECT. Part I consists of a review of awards, decisions and other developments in ECT investment arbitrations, of which nearly 30 were in the public domain as of 1 January 2011. Part II deals with the relationship between bilateral investment treaties, the ECT as a multilateral investment treaty, and European Union (EU) law, and addresses the question of whether conflict between these legal systems is inevitable. In Part III, the book reviews the highly developed provisional application mechanism of the ECT, particularly in relation to Russia, which signed the ECT in 1994 but has never ratified it. Part IV deals with the energy transit provisions of the ECT and the Treaty’s potential application with respect to East-West energy transit and supply disputes. The book also contains an Editor’s Preface, introductory and closing remarks, a table of contents, a detailed index, and an Appendix in the form of a CD-ROM containing the rules of arbitration of the three international arbitration mechanisms provided by the ECT (ICSID, SCC and ad hoc UNCITRAL arbitration). The book is of international application, particularly within the 51-country Energy Charter constituency (Western, Central and Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, Japan, Turkey, Mongolia and Australia), but is relevant to energy and international arbitration lawyers worldwide.

A study of energy regulation in international trade law against the backdrop of energy markets that have undergone radical change.