Who controlled pop'n. in the Middle Ages (MA)? Did medieval people really think about the possibility of pop'n. control (PC) or did they act without thought in the matter? Chapters: the pop'n. of Pompeii and Rome; the villages of the dead; to quicken the dead; how long did they live?; potential energy and dependency; the spread of TB in the West; the earlier medieval plague in the British Isles, and on the Continent; the threat of too many mouths; pop'n. stability, A.D. 0-1000; the medieval pop'n. crisis, 1000-1348; divergent trends of PC; tests of demographic interests; the strength of will to control; climate and migration; and burial of heretics in the MA. Biblio. 53 tables.

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Malthus's Essay on the Principle of Population has for the past two centuries been a constant source of inspiration and debate for scholars working on relationships between population and economy in historical perspective. This book of collected essays–an outcome of an A-session held at the 12th International Congress of Economic History in Madrid, 1998–sets a new standard in this active and influential field of research. The contributors go beyond the conventional European and North American geographical boundaries, bringing out new empirical findings and developing new arguments. The volume is divided into three parts. The first section takes up classical issues, the 'positive' and the 'preventive' checks and their determinants, raised by Malthus himself, and examines the issues against fresh evidence from Europe, America, and Asia. These issues are also themes of the second part, devoted to short-term fluctuations in mortality and fertility in relation to prices, wages, and other economic indicators. The final set of chapters is a coherent collection of technically sophisticated articles from an on-going international joint project concerned with how households respond to economic stress in different economic, social and cultural settings, in traditional China, Japan, Sweden, Belgium and Italy. With a brief but well organized introduction, this collection of scholarly essays offers both demographers and economic historians a wealth of exciting findings and stimulating insights.

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