This book will be the first full length biography of William Morgan, a founding figure in the development of actuarial science and the insurance business in the UK. This biography explains William Morgan’s role in developing the mathematics that underpin the money management of pension funds. It focuses also on the experiment in which Morgan created an X-ray tube, and examines his outspoken political views and turbulent private life. As well as exploring his public life, this biography uses unpublished family letters to open a window on Morgan’s private life.