An attempt is made in this monograph to bring inot systematic order the facts that have thus far been ascertained regarding the Canadian and Ordovician strata of South Manchuria. Part 1 deals with he stratigraphy, containing descriptions of the formations and sections as they occur at various localities; Part 2 is biologic in scope, comprising mainly descriptions of the new material found by the author as well as an attempt to present a complete critical review of previous studies. Holotype specimens listed contain United States National Museum catalog numbers.

Reprint of the original, first published in 1877.

Excerpt from The Canadian and Ordovician Formations and Fossils of South Manchuria An attempt is made in this monograph to bring into systematic order the facts that have thus far been ascertained regarding the Canadian and Ordovician strata of South Manchuria. For convenience the report is divided into two parts: Part 1 deals with the stratigraphy, containing descriptions of the formations and sections as they occur at the various localities; Part 2 is biologic in scope, comprising mainly descriptions of the new material found by me, although an endeavor is made to present a complete critical review of previous studies. In addition, by request, I have studied a number of Ordovician fossils collected in China in 1915 by Prof. George D. Louderback, of the University of California. As will be noted in the following pages, all the type specimens resulting from my studies are preserved in the collection of the United States National Museum. I began the study of the early Paleozoic strata in the spring of 1924, when I first went to Manchuria. What I learned regarding the Sinian, Cambrian, and Ozarkian beds will be presented in a forthcoming paper written in collaboration with Dr. C. E. Resser. In the spring of 1928, I published in Japanese a preliminary report, entitled "On the Cambro-Ordovician Strata in South Manchuria," which briefly summarized the results obtained during four years of field work. Since that time my knowledge of the South Manchurian geology has considerably increased through additional field studies, particularly because I have since had the advice and assistance of both American and Japanese geologists. I have corrected herein many mistakes appearing in my preliminary work, and the conclusions presented are naturally somewhat different and, it is hoped, more advanced. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Making sense of nature in one of the world’s most contested borderlands. According to Chinese government reports, hundreds of plague-infected rodents fell from the skies over Gannan county on an April night in 1952. Chinese scientists determined that these flying voles were not native to the region, but were vectors of germ warfare, dispatched over the border by agents of imperialism. Mastery of biology had become a way to claim political mastery over a remote frontier. Beginning with this bizarre incident from the Korean War, Knowing Manchuria places the creation of knowledge about nature at the center of our understanding of a little-known but historically important Asian landscape. At the intersection of China, Russia, Korea, and Mongolia, Manchuria is known as a site of war and environmental extremes, where projects of political control intersected with projects designed to make sense of Manchuria’s multiple environments. Covering more than 500,000 square miles, Manchuria’s landscapes include temperate rainforests, deserts, prairies, cultivated plains, wetlands, and Siberian taiga. With analysis spanning the seventeenth century to the present day, Ruth Rogaski reveals how an array of historical actors—Chinese poets, Manchu shamans, Russian botanists, Korean mathematicians, Japanese bacteriologists, American paleontologists, and indigenous hunters—made sense of the Manchurian frontier. She uncovers how natural knowledge, and thus the nature of Manchuria itself, changed over time, from a sacred “land where the dragon arose” to a global epicenter of contagious disease; from a tragic “wasteland” to an abundant granary that nurtured the hope of a nation.