The Oklahoma City bombing, intentional crashing of airliners on September 11, 2001, and anthrax attacks in the fall of 2001 have made Americans acutely aware of the impacts of terrorism. These events and continued threats of terrorism have raised questions about the impact on the psychological health of the nation and how well the public health infrastructure is able to meet the psychological needs that will likely result. Preparing for the Psychological Consequences of Terrorism highlights some of the critical issues in responding to the psychological needs that result from terrorism and provides possible options for intervention. The committee offers an example for a public health strategy that may serve as a base from which plans to prevent and respond to the psychological consequences of a variety of terrorism events can be formulated. The report includes recommendations for the training and education of service providers, ensuring appropriate guidelines for the protection of service providers, and developing public health surveillance for preevent, event, and postevent factors related to psychological consequences.

Highly readable with a rich quantitative analysis of the largest ever terrorism database constructed for the period 1992-2004, the results of the study are fascinating and have important implications for current U.S. foreign policy in the Global War on Terrorism. The author has painstakingly examined, with precise numbers, the impact of the use of preemptive force in the War on Terrorism in a way that has never been done before. This is the first publication showcasing compelling data on the impact of the current war on terrorism on the level, lethality and frequency of transnational terrorist activity around the globe. With extremely current data, When Terrorism and Counterterrorism Clash is a critical reference to all in the fields of international relations and political science. "This is the most compelling, provocative, and sophisticated empirical study I've seen of the Global War on Terrorism. It is essential reading for policymakers and scholars and couldn't come at a more critical time." -John N. Paden, Ph.D., Clarence Robinson Professor of International Studies and Professor of Public and International Affairs, George Mason University "This is exactly what we need to make informed policy decisions." - Alireza Jafarzadeh, Author of The Iran Threat: President Ahmadinejad and the Coming Nuclear Crisis and FOX News Channel Foreign Affairs Analyst "A penetrating analysis with a compelling conclusion!" - Daniel Druckman, Professor of Public and International Affairs, George Mason University and Visiting Scholar, Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Examines terrorists¿ involvement in a variety of crimes ranging from motor vehicle violations, immigration fraud, and mfg. illegal firearms to counterfeiting, armed bank robbery, and smuggling weapons of mass destruction. There are 3 parts: (1) Compares the criminality of internat. jihad groups with domestic right-wing groups. (2) Six case studies of crimes includes trial transcripts, official reports, previous scholarship, and interviews with law enforce. officials and former terrorists are used to explore skills that made crimes possible; or events and lack of skill that the prevented crimes. Includes brief bio. of the terrorists along with descriptions of their org., strategies, and plots. (3) Analysis of the themes in closing arguments of the transcripts in Part 2. Illus.

In compiling this annotated bibliography on the psychology of terrorism, the author has defined terrorism as "acts of violence intentionally perpetrated on civilian noncombatants with the goal of furthering some ideological, religious or political objective." The principal focus is on nonstate actors. The task was to identify and analyze the scientific and professional social science literature pertaining to the psychological and/or behavioral dimensions of terrorist behavior (not on victimization or effects). The objectives were to explore what questions pertaining to terrorist groups and behavior had been asked by social science researchers; to identify the main findings from that research; and attempt to distill and summarize them within a framework of operationally relevant questions. To identify the relevant social science literature, the author began by searching a series of major academic databases using a systematic, iterative keyword strategy, mapping, where possible, onto existing subject headings. The focus was on locating professional social science literature published in major books or in peer-reviewed journals. Searches were conducted of the following databases October 2003: Sociofile/Sociological Abstracts, Criminal Justice Abstracts (CJ Abstracts), Criminal Justice Periodical Index (CJPI), National Criminal Justice Reference Service Abstracts (NCJRS), PsycInfo, Medline, and Public Affairs Information Service (PAIS). Three types of annotations were provided for works in this bibliography: Author's Abstract -- this is the abstract of the work as provided (and often published) by the author; Editor's Annotation -- this is an annotation written by the editor of this bibliography; and Key Quote Summary -- this is an annotation composed of "key quotes" from the original work, edited to provide a cogent overview of its main points.

The book offers several perspectives to the analysis of the expansion and diversification of international legal responses to terrorism. It focuses, in particular, on the move during the past decade towards more indirect forms of responsibility.

There are 2 fed. material support statutes have been at the heart of the Justice Dept¿s. terrorist prosecution efforts. One provision outlaws providing material support for the commission of certain designated offenses that might be committed by terrorists. The other outlaws providing material support to certain terrorist org. They share a common definition of the term ¿material support,¿ some aspects of which have come under constitutional attack. Contents of this report: (1) Introduction; (2) Background; (3) Support of Designated Terrorist Org.: Attempt, Conspiracy, Aiding and Abetting; Material Support; Other Constitutional Challenges; Terrorist Org.; Consequences of Charge or Conviction; Extraterritorial Jurisdiction; Civil Actions; (4) Support of Terrorism.

Sub-Saharan Africa has come to be one of the regions where ISIS and al-Qaeda gained influence and considerable visibility, both direct and indirect, particularly after 2014 and 2015. This region receives relatively less attention and scrutiny from academia, politicians and decision-makers compared to the Middle East and North Africa, which stand out as priority areas of global focus in recent years. In contrast, the region is of greater importance that is likely to increase due to the factors such as the increasing economic and political interest that the world has taken with regard to Africa and particularly to Sub-Saharan Africa, the rising competition among the great powers in the last two decades and Turkey’s active policies toward Africa. At the same time, the region has a five percent average growth expectation in 2020-2030 and some of the fastest growing countries of the last decade are located in the continent, which increases its global importance. Certainly, the small scale of regional economies and the international actors’ rising economic engagement in the region play a significant role with these numerical data. While the international actors increase their engagement in the region, which enjoys a significant forward-looking potential, ISIS and al-Qaeda have taken an interest in the region resulting in remarkable outcomes that are likely to continue in the following years. Within this framework, this report first touches upon the current situation of the region in the context of terrorism and then examines al-Shabab and Boko Haram, the two organizations with allegiance to al-Qaeda and ISIS. Afterwards, it elaborates on the forward-looking expectations related to these groups’ rising activities and Turkey’s possible role and policies. According to the data by the Global Terrorism Index (GTI), which is the most important reference in its field based on the data collected by the Institute for Economics & Peace National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START) at the University of Maryland, forty percent of the ISIS-related deaths worldwide took place in Sub-Saharan Africa. Seven of the ten countries, which experienced the largest increase in terrorist activity on a global scale, are located in this region. While terrorism-related deaths decreased by 15.5% in the world between 2018 and 2019, it has risen by 67% in the region in the same period. The demography of the African continent, which is mobilized by the conflicts, genocides and forced migrations from Rwanda to Sudan, from Central Africa to Guinea and Liberia, suffers from systemic issues such as deprivation in new regions, integration problems and sociological and psychological problems that escalate the tension of the masses with the system. Nevertheless, the region has the potential to grow rapidly, has high human mobility and security problems, and thus has become one of the focal points of the world. Nonetheless, such a mobilized demographic entity is likely to pose important risks in terms of both hard security and human security. Therefore, the African continent has the potential to become the main source of international migration and related global crisis after the Middle East. The presence of terrorism in the continent should be traced back at least to the period when al-Qaeda took hold in Sudan, which coincides with the religiously-motivated fourth wave of terrorism in the context of the terrorism waves conceived by Rapoport even if the anti-colonial movement in Algeria is ignored. Even though it was sidelined by the key role of Afghanistan in the christening of and the fight against global terrorism, Africa is the region where the structure conceived its identity and upgraded its action capability to a higher level. Despite the fact that al-Qaeda gained its form and visibility after the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan, Africa is the region that al-Qaeda managed to acquire the capacity for carrying out international and high-profile attacks. One should remember that al-Qaeda’s first attacks against the USA were the bombings of the US embassies in Kenya and Tanzania in 1998. For better understanding the Libyan crisis of today, one should consider the negative effects of ISIS and al-Qaeda affiliates in North Africa on both the regional stability and human potential of the region. Even though the focus of global terrorism shifted to the Middle East between 2012 and 2015 due to ISIS, it reverted back to its main course after 2015. Africa has gained more significance each year in the context of global terrorism and has turned into a region that surpasses the other two possible focal points, Central Asia and Southeast Asia.

This book presents the position that the online environment is a significant and relevant theater of activity in the fight against terror. It identifies the threats, the security needs, and the issues unique to this environment. The book examines whether the characteristics of this environment require new legal solutions, or whether existing solutions are sufficient. Three areas of online activity are identified that require reexamination: security, monitoring, and propaganda.