In the 1920s and 1930s, Edwina "Salt" Evelyn and Jewel "Pepper" Welch learned to tap dance on street corners in New York and Philadelphia. By the 1940s, they were Black show business headliners, playing Harlem's Apollo Theater with the likes of Count Basie, Fats Waller and Earl "Fatha" Hines. Their exuberant tap style, usually performed by men, earned them the respect of their male peers and the acclaim of audiences. Based on extensive interviews with Salt and Pepper, this book chronicles for the first time the lives and careers of two overlooked female performers who succeeded despite the racism, sexism and homophobia of the Big Band era.

While tap dancers Fred Astaire, Gene Kelly, and Eleanor Powell were major Hollywood stars, and the rhythms of Black male performers such as the Nicholas Brothers and Bill "Bojangles" Robinson were appreciated in their time, Black female tap dancers seldom achieved similar recognition. Who were these women? The author sought them out, interviewed them, and documented their stories for this book. Here are the personal stories of many Black women tap dancers who were hailed by their male counterparts, performed on the most prominent American stages, and were pioneers in the field of Black tap.

Here is the vibrant, colorful, high-stepping story of tap -- the first comprehensive, fully documented history of a uniquely American art form. Writing with all the verve and grace of tap itself, Constance Valis Hill offers a sweeping narrative, filling a major gap in American dance history and placing tap firmly center stage.

How and why was outdated racial content - and specifically blackface minstrelsy - not only permitted, but in fact allowed to thrive during the 1930s and 1940s despite the rigid motion picture censorship laws which were enforced during this time? Introducing a new theory of covert minstrelsy, this book illuminates Hollywood's practice of capitalizing on the Africanist aesthetic at the expense of Black lived experience. Through close examination of the musicals made during this period, this book shows how Hollywood utilized a series of covert "guises" or subterfuges-complicated and further masked by a film's narrative framing and novel technology to distract both censors and audiences from seeing the ways in which they were being fed a nineteenth-century White narrative of Blackness. Drawing on the annals of Hollywood's most popular and its extremely rare films, Behind the Screen uncovers a half century of blackface application by delicately removing the individual layers of disguise through close analyses of films which paint tap dance, swing, and other predominantly Africanist forms in a negative light. This book goes beneath the image of recognizable White performers including Al Jolson, Eddie Cantor, Fred Astaire, and Eleanor Powell, exploring the high cost of their onscreen representational politics. The book also recuperates the stories of several of the Black artists whose labor was abused during the choreographic and filming process. Some of the many newly documented stories include those of The Three Chocolateers, The Three Eddies, The Three Gobs, The Peters Sisters, Jeni Le Gon, and Cora La Redd. In stripping away the various disguises involved during Hollywood's Golden Age, Behind the Screen recovers the visibility of Black artists whose names Hollywood omitted from the credits and whose identities America has written out of the national narrative.

How do women set up institutions? How has higher education helped or hindered women in the world of dance? These are some of the questions addressed through interviews and researched by the educators and dancers Sharon E. Friedler and Susan B. Glazer in Dancing Female . In dealing with some of the tensions, joys, frustrations, and fears women experience at various points of their creative lives, the contributors strike a balance between a theoretical sense of feminism and its practice in reality. This book presents answers to basic questions about women, power, and action. Why do women choreographers choose to create the dances they do in the manner they do? How do women in dance work independently and organizationally?

What do you know about evolutionary theory? Or, maybe there are two questions here: (1) What do you think you know; (2) What do you actually know? Quite irrespective of whether individuals believe in evolution or they are opposed to it, most people probably would have to acknowledge that they know almost nothing at all about the actual nuts and bolts of the technical issues at the heart of evolutionary theory. Their beliefs concerning this matter -- whatever the character of those beliefs might be -- is, for the most part, likely to be framed by, and filtered through, two themes: (a) a largely unexamined acceptance of the opinion of others; (b) the extent to which evolutionary theory makes carrying on with the rest of their philosophical or religious perspective either easier or more difficult to continue to do. Seeking the truth should neither be a function of blindly following the beliefs of other individuals, nor should that process be a function of what one finds easy or difficult to do, Therefore, irrespective of what your conceptual orientation concerning evolution might be, this book was written to challenge readers to critically reflect on various problems so that individuals might be able to work their way toward gaining greater insight into a variety of issues that swirl about the topic of evolution. Finally, Evolution Unredacted offers a critical analysis of several landmark legal decisions involving the dispute between proponents of evolution and advocates for creationism -- namely, McLean v. Arkansas Board of Education and Kitzmiller, et al v. Dover Area School District, et al. More specifically, the final chapter of Evolution Unredacted engages the evolution v. creationism debate through the filters of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment and Article IV, Section 4 of the Constitution. The results of the foregoing analysis are likely to surprise the reader. Moreover, those results tend to entail a variety of implications for the process of education.

The current book is not about trying to prove the truth of this or that scientific or religious account about the origins of either human beings, in particular, or life, in general. ‘The Origin of Life' is about the problems surrounding the process of interpreting empirical evidence and subjecting that data to various methods of rigorous critical reflection.

Presents the voices and memories of thirty American tap dance stars, and includes a comprehensive listing of tap acts, recordings, and films