This book is the result of collaborative work between INRA and the Association Française de Zootechnie (AFZ). The tables in this book present the chemical composition and nutritional values of the feed materials fed to the main farm species. The feed materials included in this publication are used both in the formulation of compound feeds and as straight feedstuffs (concentrates and by-products). The values of chemical composition were mainly obtained using field data collected by AFZ from laboratories specialising in animal feeding (the data base includes over one million values). The nutritional values result principally from experimental work performed by INRA and its partners. The data used take into account the evolution in feed materials and nutritional concepts. Important characteristics have been introduced, namely net energy for pigs (growing pigs and sows), amino acid digestibility, mineral availability and starch degradability for ruminants. In the present context of animal feeding and the new challenges that it faces (product quality and safety, animal health and welfare, environmental issues), this publication provides a reliable scientific reference document for feed manufacturers, veterinarians, extension officers, farmers, lecturers and students. Daniel Sauvant is professor of animal sciences at INA P-G, director of the Physiology of Nutrition and Feeding Research Unit at INRA/INA P-G, president of AFZ and a member of the expert committee on Animal Feeding at AFSSA. Jean-Marc Perez is deputy director of the Animal Physiology and Livestock Systems Department at INRA and scientific director of the journal INRA Productions Animales. Gilles Tran is the French Feed Database project manager at AFZ.

Updating recommendations last made by the National Research Council in the mid-1980s, this report provides nutrient recommendations based on physical activity and stage in life, major factors that influence nutrient needs. It looks at how nutrients are metabolized in the bodies of dogs and cats, indications of nutrient deficiency, and diseases related to poor nutrition. The report provides a valuable resource for industry professionals formulating diets, scientists setting research agendas, government officials developing regulations for pet food labeling, and as a university textbook for dog and cat nutrition. It can also guide pet owners feeding decisions for their pets with information on specific nutrient needs, characteristics of different types of pet foods, and factors to consider when feeding cats and dogs.

Beef Cattle Feeding and Nutrition is the third in a series of books on animal feeding and nutrition. These books are designed to keep readers abreast of the rapid developments in feeding and nutrition. These developments have resulted in changes in diets, the use of new feed processing methods, improved use of by-product feeds, and more supplementation with minerals, vitamins, amino acids, and nonprotein nitrogen compounds. The book is organized into four parts. Part I focuses on the nutrient requirements of beef cattle. Beginning with a review of rumen physiology and energy requirements, the remaining chapters discuss the vitamin, mineral, and protein, requirements of beef cattle. Part II on feedingstuffs includes studies on pasture and other forages; hay and haylage making; silage and crops for silage; and concentrates for beef cattle. Part III includes studies on breeding herd nutrition and management; and milk production and calf performance. Part IV on cattle finishing covers cattle finishing systems; feedlot disease; and economics of cattle feeding.

The INRA Feeding System for Ruminants has been renewed to better address emerging challenges for animal nutrition: prevision of productive responses, product quality, animal health and emissions to the environment, in a larger extent of breeding contexts. The new system is mainly built from meta-analyses of large data bases, and modelling. The dietary supply model accounts for digestive interactions and flows of individual nutrients, so that feed values depend on the final ration. Animal requirements account for variability in metabolic efficiency. Various productive and non-productive animal responses to diets are quantified. This book presents the whole system for dairy and meat, large and small ruminant production, including specificities for tropical and Mediterranean areas. The first two sections present biological concepts and equations (with their field of application and statistical accuracy) used to predict intake (including at grazing) and nutrient supply (Section 1), animal’s requirements and multiple responses to diets (Section 2). They apply to net energy, metabolisable protein and amino acids, water, minerals and vitamins. Section 3 presents the use of concepts and equations in rationing with two purposes: (1) diet calculation for a given performance objective; and (2) prediction of the multiple responses of animal to diet changes. Section 4 displays the tables of feed values, and their prevision. All the equations and concepts are embedded in the fifth version of INRAtion® software for practical use.

1. Introduction and background -- 2. Aims and principles of organic poultry production -- 3. Elements of poultry nutrition -- 4. Approved ingredients for organic diets -- 5. Diets for organic poultry production -- 6. Choosing the right breed and strain -- 7. Integrating feeding programmes into organic production systems -- 8. Conclusions and recommendations for the future