Nanotechnology is an emerging field of science. It has increased applications in diverse area for the development of new materials at nanoscale levels. Synthesis of nanoparticles using biological methods is referred as greener synthesis of nanoparticles. Seed extracts of papaya (Carica papaya), Mullatha (Annona muricata), Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), Eenth (Cycas circinalis), Egg fruit (Pouteria campechiana) are used for the synthesis of silver, copper, and zinc nanoparticles. These plants have medicinal as well as antibacterial activity. Nanoparticles prepared from these seed extracts have antibacterial activity. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-VIS Spectrophotometry. Silver nanoparticles shows maximum peak at 385 nm. Copper nanoparticles shows maximum peak at 680 nm. Zinc nanoparticles shows maximum peak at 350 nm. Synthesized silver, copper and zinc nanoparticles shows antibacterial activity against Salmonella species, Pseudomonas species, Staphylococcus species, E. coli and Klebsiella species. Antimicrobial assay was performed by agar well diffusion method using Muller Hinton agar media. when antibacterial activity of silver, copper and zinc nanoparticles from 3 different concentrations were observed, nanoparticles have 60 µl concentration shows maximum activity against these microbes. Silver nanoparticles shows greater antibacterial activity compared to silver nitrate and seed extract. Copper nanoparticles shows greater antibacterial activity compared to copper Sulphate and seed extract. Zinc nanoparticles shows greater antibacterial activity compared to zinc Sulphate and seed extract. Maximum zone of inhibition was at 60 µl for all the bacterial cultures. This green synthesis method is alternative to chemical method, since it is cheap, pollutant free and eco-friendly.

The problem of creating microbiologically-safe food with an acceptable shelf-life and quality for the consumer is a constant challenge for the food industry. Microbial decontamination in the food industry provides a comprehensive guide to the decontamination problems faced by the industry, and the current and emerging methods being used to solve them.Part one deals with various food commodities such as fresh produce, meats, seafood, nuts, juices and dairy products, and provides background on contamination routes and outbreaks as well as proposed processing methods for each commodity. Part two goes on to review current and emerging non-chemical and non-thermal decontamination methods such as high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric fields, irradiation, power ultrasound and non-thermal plasma. Thermal methods such as microwave, radio-frequency and infrared heating and food surface pasteurization are also explored in detail. Chemical decontamination methods with ozone, chlorine dioxide, electrolyzed oxidizing water, organic acids and dense phase CO2 are discussed in part three. Finally, part four focuses on current and emerging packaging technologies and post-packaging decontamination.With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Microbial decontamination in the food industry is an indispensable guide for all food industry professionals involved in the design or use of novel food decontamination techniques, as well as any academics researching or teaching this important subject. - Provides a comprehensive guide to the decontamination problems faced by the industry and outlines the current and emerging methods being used to solve them - Details backgrounds on contamination routes and outbreaks, as well as proposed processing methods for various commodities including fresh produce, meats, seafood, nuts, juices and dairy products - Sections focus on emerging non-chemical and non-thermal decontamination methods, current thermal methods, chemical decontamination methods and current and emerging packaging technologies and post-packaging decontamination

It is not the presence of microorganisms, but their interaction with patients that determines their influence on wound healing. Documenting this critical but often ignored aspect of the treatment process, Microbiology of Wounds discusses the microbiology and biology of human wounds in relation to infection and non-healing. Gain the Necessary Scient

The use of medical devices (e.g., catheters, implants, and probes) is a common and essential part of medical care for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. However, these devices quite frequently lead to the incidence of infections due to the colonization of their abiotic surfaces by biofilm-growing microorganisms, which are progressively resistant to antimicrobial therapies. Several methods based on anti-infective biomaterials that repel microbes have been developed to combat device-related infections. Among these strategies, surface coating with antibiotics (e.g., beta-lactams), natural compounds (e.g., polyphenols), or inorganic elements (e.g., silver and copper nanoparticles) has been widely recognized as exhibiting broad-spectrum bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity. So, in order to achieve a better therapeutic response, it is crucial to understand how these infections are different from others. This will allow us to find new biomaterials characterized by antifouling coatings with repellent properties or low adhesion towards microorganisms, or antimicrobial coatings that are capable of killing microbes approaching the surface, improving biomaterial functionalization strategies and supporting tissues’ bio-integration.