The Fate & Effects Advisory Committee (FEAC) identified the need for the development of models capable of providing information relating to the fate and effects of Military Relevant Compounds (MRCs) on both ecological and human resources. Requirements for better modeling capabilities of contaminant concentration over time for risk assessment were stated. In an effort to address the requirement, a work unit was initiated for the development of an Army Risk Assessment Modeling System (ARAMS). This system will incorporate other research efforts conducted in the Fate & Effects Research Program and will enable thorough evaluation of ecological and human risk assessments. The ARAMS will be developed for the purpose of conducting ecological and human risk assessments. Development of this system will incorporate current state-of-the-art modeling technologies and will further utilize concurrent research efforts in the Fate and Effects Research Program. ARAMS is a tool to characterize, integrate, and estimate ecological risk. The system will provide several tiers of complexity such that screening-level and complex model issues can be addressed. The system will include: (a) screening level assessments based on simple exposure-response relationships and limited spatial and temporal scales, (b)an expanded assessment capability based on linkage of more rigorous exposure and ecological assessment techniques, and (c) linkage of ecological risk, comprehensive exposure models, and integrated temporal-spatial exposure,..i.e., probabilistic estimate of exposure for individuals/population in time and space. The objective of this workshop was to ascertain the current state of the art in risk assessment modeling and to facilitate discussion of the components required for an ARAMS is anticipated to take several years to complete.

Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Rising sea levels and altered weather patterns are expected to significantly alter coastal and inland environments for humans, infrastructure and ecosystems. Potential land-use changes and population increases, coupled with uncertain predictions for sea level rise and storm frequency/intensity represent a significant planning challenge. While efforts to mitigate climate change continue, plans must be made to adapt to the risks that climate change poses to humans, infrastructure, and ecosystems alike. This book addresses integrated environmental assessment and management as part of the nexus of climate change adaptation. Risk analysis has emerged as a useful approach to guide assessment, communication and management of security risks. However, with respect to climate change, an integrated, multi-criteria, multi-hazard, risk-informed decision framework is desirable for evaluating adaptation strategies. The papers in Part 1 summarize societal and political needs for climate change adaptation. Part 2 includes papers summarizing the state of the art in climate change adaptation. Three further parts cover: the process of change in coastal regions, in inland regions, and, finally, the potential challenges to homeland security for national governments. Each of these parts reviews achievements, identifies gaps in current knowledge, and suggests research priorities.