Because atrial fibrillation promotes the formation of blood clots that can travel to the brain and block an artery, atrial fibrillation independently increases the risk of ischemic stroke four-to-five-fold. In this issue expert authors review drug therapies for stroke prevention, use of the new anticoagulants, ablation strategies for stroke prevention, LAA closure for stroke prevention, stroke in heart rhythm device patients, transesophageal echo in atrial fibrillation, and other topics important to the management of this serious complication.

In collaboration with the Consulting Editors, Ranjan K. Thakur and Andrea Natale, Drs. Luigi Di Biase, Frank Marchlinski, and Andrea Natale have assembled an issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics on Advances in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation. Topics include, but are not limited to, Recurrent atrial fibrillation with isolated PVs, Beyond PVI in non paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, Recurrent atrial fibrillation after cryo, Recurrent atrial fibrillation after RF, high-density mapping, Expectation and Results of surrogate target beyond PVI, Lessons from epicardial mapping and ablation in refractory atrial fibrillation, Evolution of radiofrequency ablation parameters, Balloon based technologies, Energy sources, Current status of esophageal protection, Fluoroless atrial fibrillation ablation, Role of MRI imaging before and after ablation, When to stop OAC after atrial fibrillation ablation, Atrial fibrillation ablation trials, Risk Factor modification before and after atrial fibrillation ablation.

Debates and controversies about how to treat difficult problems or conditions abound in cardiac electrophysiology. This issue attempts to bring together a variety of controversial subjects and to present differing views on how to resolve these questions so clinicians will have a handy guide to the most current thinking about these difficult subjects.

Controversies in Cardiac Electrophysiology are examined in this issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics. Difficult cases are presented and esteemed leaders in the field debate the pros and cons of various forms of management and treatment.

This issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics, Guest Edited by Drs. Mohammad Shenasa, Prashanthan Sanders, and Stanley Nattel, is dedicated to Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation: Appraisal of AF Risk Stratification. This is one of four issues selected each year by the series Consulting Editors, Ranjan K. Thakur and Andrea Natale. Topics include, but are not limited to, Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation; Hypertension, Prehypertension, Hypertensive Heart Disease and Atrial Fibrillation; Pulmonary Disease, Pulmonary Hypertension and Atrial Fibrillation; Heart Failure with Preserved (HFpEF) and Reduced (HFrEF) LV Systolic Function, Diastolic Dysfunction; Coronary Artery Disease; ECG and Echo Abnormalities in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Risk Factors; Diabetes and Endocrine Disorders; Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Atrial Fibrillation; Renal Disease; Sleep Apnea and Atrial Fibrillation; Channelopathies in Atrial Fibrillation; Implications of Inflammation and Myocardial Fibrosis in Atrial Fibrillation; Role of Biomarkers in Atrial Fibrillation; Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Other Cardiomyopathies in Atrial Fibrillation; Atrial Fibrillation in Valvular Heart Disease; Atrial Fibrillation in Adult Congenital Heart Disease; Exercise and Athletic Activity in Atrial Fibrillation; Post-op Atrial Fibrillation; Autonomic Dysfunction and Neurohormonal Disorders in Atrial Fibrillation; Social Risk Factors; Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke; Screening for Atrial Fibrillation Risk Factors; Primary Care and Internists Perspective on Atrial Fibrillation Risk Factors; and Lifestyle as a Risk Factor for Atrial Fibrillation.

This issue of the Cardiology Clinics, edited by Ranjan K. Thakur, Andrea Natale, and Ziyad Hijazi, focuses on Cardioembolic Stroke. Topics covered in this issue include, but are not limited to: epidemiology of atrial fibrillation and stroke, atrial fibrillation and stroke, device detected atrial fibrillation, left atrial appendage closure for stroke prevention, cryptogenic strokes, and atrial fibrillation and cognitive decline.

This issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics, Guest Edited by Drs. Suneet Mittal and David Slotwiner,, is dedicated to Device-Based Arrhythmia Monitoring. This is one of four issues selected each year by the series Consulting Editors, Ranjan K. Thakur and Andrea Natale. Topics include, but are not limited to: Implantable loop recorders, Permanent pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators, Heart failure monitoring, Remote programming and cybersecurity concerns, Models for remote monitoring, Data management and integration with EMR systems, Screening for atrial fibrillation and The role of artificial intelligence in arrhythmia monitoring.

With over 6 million patients affected only in the United States, atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major health problem with profound effects on both the individual patient and society at large. In this issue of Heart Failure Clinics, we have focused on AF and tried to cover the most important and relevant aspects in a comprehensive and contemporary review. A distinguished group of experts and leaders in basic and experimental electrophysiology, epidemiology, clinical pharmacology, interventional clinical electrophysiology, and cardiac surgery contributed state-of-the-art reviews and also shared their insight to the future of AF. Topics include but are not limited to: Risk Factors and Genetics of Atrial Fibrillation; Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation: Rotors, Ionic Determinants, and Excitation Frequency; Diagnostic Evaluation and Follow-Up of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation; Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation; Antithrombotic and Anticoagulant Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation; Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation: Incidence, Mechanisms, and Clinical Correlates; and Novel Upstream Approaches to Prevent Atrial Fibrillation Perpetuation.

In this issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics, guest editors Drs. Luigi Di Biase and Fengwei Zou bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure. Top experts discuss atrial fibrillation-induced cardiomyopathy; rate versus rhythm control of atrial fibrillation in heart failure; atrial fibrillation ablation in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; atrial fibrillation ablation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; and much more. Contains 9 relevant, practice-oriented topics including atrioventricular nodal ablation and pacing in refractory atrial fibrillation and heart failure; atrial fibrillation in end stage heart failure; atrial fibrillation management in patients with a left ventricular assist device and IN orthotopic heart transplant recipients; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on atrial fibrillation in heart failure, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

In collaboration with the Consulting Editors, Ranjan K. Thakur and Andrea Natale, Drs. Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy, David R. Holmes Jr., and Saibal Kar have assembled an issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics on Left Atrial Appendage. Topics include, but are not limited to, why we have an atrial appendage, thromboembolism in AF, role of LAA in systemic homeostasis, history of LAA closure, impact of LAA closure on systemic thromboembolization, perirprocedural imaging, anatomical considerations for epicardial and endocardial appendage closure, epicardial vs endocardial closure, technical considerations of endocardial and epicardial closure, surgical LAA occlusion, post procedural management, AF patients undergoing ablation, and more.