State Sponsored Terrorism
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Author |
: Daniel Byman |
Publisher |
: Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages |
: 432 |
Release |
: 2005-06-27 |
ISBN-10 |
: 1139445952 |
ISBN-13 |
: 9781139445955 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (52 Downloads) |
Synopsis Deadly Connections by : Daniel Byman
Thousands of people have died at the hands of terrorist groups who rely on state support for their activities. Iran and Syria are well known as sponsors of terrorism, while other countries, some with strong connections to the West, have enabled terrorist activity by turning a blind eye. Daniel Byman's hard-hitting and articulate book analyzes this phenomenon. Focusing primarily on sponsors from the Middle East and South Asia, it examines the different types of support that states provide, their motivations, and the impact of such sponsorship. The book also considers regimes that allow terrorists to raise money and recruit without providing active support. The experiences of Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, and Libya are detailed here, alongside the histories of radical groups such as al-Qaida and Hizballah. The book concludes by assessing why it is often difficult to force sponsors to cut ties to terrorist groups and suggesting ways in which it could be done better in the future.
Author |
: Erica Chenoweth |
Publisher |
: Oxford University Press |
Total Pages |
: 824 |
Release |
: 2019-03-14 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9780191047138 |
ISBN-13 |
: 0191047139 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (38 Downloads) |
Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Terrorism by : Erica Chenoweth
The Oxford Handbook of Terrorism systematically integrates the substantial body of scholarship on terrorism and counterterrorism before and after 9/11. In doing so, it introduces scholars and practitioners to state of the art approaches, methods, and issues in studying and teaching these vital phenomena. This Handbook goes further than most existing collections by giving structure and direction to the fast-growing but somewhat disjointed field of terrorism studies. The volume locates terrorism within the wider spectrum of political violence instead of engaging in the widespread tendency towards treating terrorism as an exceptional act. Moreover, the volume makes a case for studying terrorism within its socio-historical context. Finally, the volume addresses the critique that the study of terrorism suffers from lack of theory by reviewing and extending the theoretical insights contributed by several fields - including political science, political economy, history, sociology, anthropology, criminology, law, geography, and psychology. In doing so, the volume showcases the analytical advancements and reflects on the challenges that remain since the emergence of the field in the early 1970s.
Author |
: |
Publisher |
: |
Total Pages |
: 204 |
Release |
: 1985 |
ISBN-10 |
: UCR:31210006172082 |
ISBN-13 |
: |
Rating |
: 4/5 (82 Downloads) |
Synopsis State-sponsored Terrorism by :
Author |
: Crystal M. Schaeffer |
Publisher |
: |
Total Pages |
: 0 |
Release |
: 2010 |
ISBN-10 |
: OCLC:855125116 |
ISBN-13 |
: |
Rating |
: 4/5 (16 Downloads) |
Synopsis State Sponsorship of Terrorism by : Crystal M. Schaeffer
Since the Vietnam War, the definition of traditional warfare has changed from the military action that was observed in previous wars such as the Korean War, and both World Wars. Traditional warfare included accepted rules of engagement, drawn battlefield lines, and other elements that were generally expected and anticipated during wartime. Currently, the United States is involved in an 'Overseas Contingency Operation' (OCO) previously known as the 'Global War on Terror' (GWOT), in which soldiers face not a Nation State, but a group of terrorists, who do not claim allegiance to any specific country. In addition to the threat of terrorists acting as individuals, as groups or as organizations, the United States is also dealing with State Sponsors of Terrorism (SST), who utilize terrorist groups to achieve their own political agenda. One method the United States Government uses to confront this challenge by is establishing and maintaining a running list of States that sponsor terrorism. Cuba, Iran, Syria, and Sudan are currently on this list. The list, produced by the U.S. Department of x State, is designed to enable U.S. policy makers to enforce restrictions in the form of embargos and sanctions against State Sponsors of Terrorism as a method to punish States for providing such support. The U.S. Department of State defines SST as those who "repeatedly provide critical support for non-state terrorist groups, who without sponsorship, would have a much more difficult time obtaining the weapons, material, and safe areas to plan, train adherents, and conduct terrorist activities." Various definitions of State Sponsorship exist; however, fulfillment of a political goal remains the underlying constant. The list of State Sponsors highlights the fact that the U.S. views these nations as potential threats. Although knowing who supports terrorism is necessary, this dissertation seeks to provide a method for analyzing the characteristics of SST to provide an opportunity to gain further insight into the justifications why each nation supports terrorist activities. This dissertation will examine the techniques that Cuba and Iran implemented in order to sponsor terrorism for the purpose of globally exporting their own ideological revolution. While analyzing these techniques, the environment that fostered both Cuba and Iran to become leading State Sponsors of Terrorism will become apparent through the examination of the root causes of the Cuban and Iranian revolutions and the conditions that existed that paved the way for Castro and Khomeini to take power. By identifying and examining the phases of State Sponsored Terrorism, an understanding of the similar sponsorship techniques that both Cuba and Iran applied during their tenure as State Sponsors will develop, highlighting the commonalities within each, and the results of each phase. Through the study of these phases of terrorism, a pattern of exploitation emerges that will enable a stronger appreciation for the history of SST and a capability to conduct tread analysis that could better establish the prediction of future actions of similar State Sponsors. Terrorism threatens the lives of numerous innocent people on a daily basis. It is inherently successful because it fosters the fear that safety is never guaranteed; Americans learned that on September 11th as three planes collided into the World Trade Center and Pentagon and a fourth crashed en route to D.C. in Pennsylvania. State Sponsorship of Terrorism has greatly increased the lethality of terrorist acts which is why the United States has focused efforts on putting political and economic pressure on states that choose terrorism as a main component of it's foreign and domestic policy. These two states, Iran and Cuba, represent only two threats facing the United States; they have the strongest history in recent years of SST. The study of these states may shed light on how to develop a better predictive model of SST behavior benefiting the U.S. in developing policy for combating terrorism.
Author |
: Kevin R. Arthur |
Publisher |
: |
Total Pages |
: 91 |
Release |
: 2004-09-01 |
ISBN-10 |
: 1423522249 |
ISBN-13 |
: 9781423522249 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (49 Downloads) |
Synopsis Understanding the Military's Role in Ending State-Sponsored Terrorism by : Kevin R. Arthur
Countries sponsoring and supporting terrorism impede the efforts of the United States and the international community to fight terrorism. Until states that support terrorism cease such sponsorship, they remain a critical foundation for terrorist groups and their operations. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the U.S. military's role in coercing states to cease their sponsorship of terrorism. Using game theory, this thesis analyzes the utility of military force against state-sponsored terrorism. It explains why past military responses did not pose a credible threat and were thus, an ineffective instrument of national power. It then examines how military force is employed in the current war on terrorism. The findings of this thesis suggest that the limited military strikes employed against states for their role in terrorist attacks prior to September 11, 2001, preconditioned the leaders of supportive states to believe U.S. leadership lacked commitment in its strategy to end state-sponsored terrorism. The findings also suggest the dramatic change in the United Stat method of employing its military forces against state sponsors of terrorism after September 11, 2001, created the credible, coercive military threat required to accomplish the U.S. national objective of ending state- sponsored terrorism.
Author |
: Paul Wilkinson |
Publisher |
: Taylor & Francis |
Total Pages |
: 255 |
Release |
: 2011-02 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9781136835469 |
ISBN-13 |
: 1136835466 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (69 Downloads) |
Synopsis Terrorism Versus Democracy by : Paul Wilkinson
Examines global terrorist networks and discusses the long-term future of terrorism.
Author |
: William Perdue |
Publisher |
: Bloomsbury Publishing USA |
Total Pages |
: 246 |
Release |
: 1989-08-07 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9781573569057 |
ISBN-13 |
: 1573569054 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (57 Downloads) |
Synopsis Terrorism and the State by : William Perdue
Terrorism and the State is a volume on the political economy of terrorism. Emphasizing the role of ideological systems in the definition of political violence, this book is theoretical, historical, and critical. It first presents and refutes the two most commonly expressed definitions of terrorism: the absolutist view, a simplistic picture of international deviance on the part of fanatics, and the liberal relativistic view, one man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter. Both views focus on the definition of behaviors rather than on the real relations of domination and subjugation embodied in the social structure. Neither view can be used as a vehicle when analyzing institutionalized forces of domination through fear. The author suggests that there is presently a double standard of terrorism, one for the state and the other for its opponents. Terrorism and the State reframes the terrorism debate. A historical review supports a revisionist position that places the issue in the context of global relations. Attention is given to the role of the media in the selective selling of international terrorism. Having established his framework, the author proceeds through the investigation of historically grounded cases to systematically analyze state terrorism: the coercive power of today's nuclear weapon state, global apartheid, terrornoia, settler terrorism, holy terror, and, finally, surrogate terrorism. Terrorism and the State develops its framework for the terrorism debate within the first three chapters: The Ideology of Terrorism, Terrorism and the State, and Mediaspeak: The Selling of International Terrorism. The remainder of this volume concentrates on historically grounded cases: The Real Nuclear Terrorism; Racial Terrorism: Apartheid in South Africa; Terrornoia and Zonal Revolution: The Case of Libya; Settler Terrorism: Israel and the P.L.O.; Holy Terror: Iran and Irangate; Surrogate Terrorism: The United States and Nicaragua
Author |
: Mark S. Hamm |
Publisher |
: DIANE Publishing |
Total Pages |
: 258 |
Release |
: 2011 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9781437929591 |
ISBN-13 |
: 1437929591 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (91 Downloads) |
Synopsis Crimes Committed by Terrorist Groups by : Mark S. Hamm
This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Examines terrorists¿ involvement in a variety of crimes ranging from motor vehicle violations, immigration fraud, and mfg. illegal firearms to counterfeiting, armed bank robbery, and smuggling weapons of mass destruction. There are 3 parts: (1) Compares the criminality of internat. jihad groups with domestic right-wing groups. (2) Six case studies of crimes includes trial transcripts, official reports, previous scholarship, and interviews with law enforce. officials and former terrorists are used to explore skills that made crimes possible; or events and lack of skill that the prevented crimes. Includes brief bio. of the terrorists along with descriptions of their org., strategies, and plots. (3) Analysis of the themes in closing arguments of the transcripts in Part 2. Illus.
Author |
: Alexander L. George |
Publisher |
: Polity |
Total Pages |
: 272 |
Release |
: 1991-08-26 |
ISBN-10 |
: 0745609317 |
ISBN-13 |
: 9780745609317 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (17 Downloads) |
Synopsis Western State Terrorism by : Alexander L. George
George offers a wide-ranging and well-documented account of the forms of terrorism supported by the United States and some of its allies.
Author |
: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services |
Publisher |
: |
Total Pages |
: 32 |
Release |
: 1986 |
ISBN-10 |
: UCAL:B5107732 |
ISBN-13 |
: |
Rating |
: 4/5 (32 Downloads) |
Synopsis State-sponsored Terrorism by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services