This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.

Zebra mussels have significant effects on the aquatic ecosystem and on human water users. These mussels' high fecundity, rapid growth, and ability to attach strongly to any hard substrate have already caused many problems, including blockage of water intake pipes and fouling of docks and boat hulls. Determining the presence or absence of these mussels can be facilitated by the use of established methods that minimize sampling effort while maximizing information gain. The purpose of this document is: 1) To document methods that fit broad user needs for information and are known to be effective for sampling zebra mussels; 2) To provide a zebra mussel sampling manual for people who are not familiar with or trained in biological sampling techniques; and 3) To describe standard methods that can be used to collect data that are comparable between sites.

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This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Since its introduction to the Great Lakes system in 1985, the zebra mussel has spread so rapidly that it is now considered the most serious biofouling pest of any exotic species. Practical Manual for Zebra Mussel Monitoring and Control will help you counter this threat by leading you through the events you will be faced with when dealing with this biofouler. This book is a crucial source of detection, monitoring, and control methods. It also provides thorough discussions regarding the mussel's biology and potential for harm. Learn how to:

The introduction and rapid spread of two Eurasian mussel species, Dreissena polymorpha (zebra mussel) and Dreissena rostriformis bugensis (quagga mussel), in waters of North America has caused great concern among industrial and recreational water users. These invasive species can create substantial problems for raw water users such as water treatment facilities and power plants, and they can have other negative impacts by altering aquatic environments. In the 20 years since the first edition of this book was published, zebra mussels have continued to spread, and quagga mussels have become the greater threat in the Great Lakes, in deep regions of large lakes, and in the southwestern Unites States. Quagga mussels have also expanded greatly in eastern and western Europe since the first book edition was published. Quagga and Zebra Mussels: Biology, Impacts, and Control, Second Edition provides a broad view of the zebra/quagga mussel issue, offering a historic perspective and up-to-date information on mussel research. Comprising 48 chapters, this second edition includes reviews of mussel morphology, physiology, and behavior. It details mussel distribution and spread in Europe and across North America, and examines policy and regulatory responses, management strategies, and mitigation efforts. In addition, this book provides extensive coverage of the impact of invasive mussel species on freshwater ecosystems, including effects on water clarity, phytoplankton, water quality, food web changes, and consequences to other aquatic fauna. It also reviews and offers new insights on how zebra and quagga mussels respond and adapt to varying environmental conditions. This new edition includes seven video clips that complement chapter text and, through visual documentation, provide a greater understanding of mussel behavior and distribution.

The sampling protocol presented in this document are standardized sampling methods for use by the public, developed in order to enhance the interpretation of zebra mussel data among sites and between different studies. Methods are given for both extensive and intensive studies, the former to determine what water bodies the mussels are infesting and the latter to also examine how many mussels (in both planktonic and settled states) are present and what they are doing. Information is provided on such matters as choosing sampling sites, sample collection and preservation, sampling equipment, and examination and measurement of samples.

Biology and Management of Invasive Quagga and Zebra Mussels in the Western United States is a synthesis of the biology and management of invasive mussels from scientists and managers working on invasive quagga and zebra mussels in the western United States. Invasive dreissenid mussels have spread throughout southwestern United States at unprecedent