Communities in Action

Communities in Action
Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
Total Pages : 583
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9780309452960
ISBN-13 : 0309452961
Rating : 4/5 (60 Downloads)

Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Social Justice in an Open World

Social Justice in an Open World
Author :
Publisher : United Nations Publications
Total Pages : 162
Release :
ISBN-10 : UCR:31210019926896
ISBN-13 :
Rating : 4/5 (96 Downloads)

Synopsis Social Justice in an Open World by :

The International Forum for Social Development was a 3 year project undertaken by the United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Affairs between 2001 and 2004 to promote international cooperation for social development and supporting developing countries and social groups not benefiting from the globalization process. This publication provides an overview and interpretation of the discussions and debates that occurred at the four meetings of the Forum for Social Development held at the United Nations headquarters in New York, within the framework of the implementation of the outcome of the World Summit for Social Development.

The Participation Gap

The Participation Gap
Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Total Pages : 254
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9780191053320
ISBN-13 : 0191053325
Rating : 4/5 (20 Downloads)

Synopsis The Participation Gap by : Russell J. Dalton

The dilemma of democracy arises from two contrasting trends. More people in the established democracies are participating in civil society activity, contacting government officials, protesting, and using online activism and other creative forms of participation. At the same time, the importance of social status as an influence on political activity is increasing. The democratic principle of the equality of voice is eroding. The politically rich are getting richer-and the politically needy have less voice. This book assembles an unprecedented set of international public opinion surveys to identify the individual, institutional, and political factors that produce these trends. New forms of activity place greater demands on participants, raising the importance of social status skills and resources. Civil society activity further widens the participation gap. New norms of citizenship shift how people participate. And generational change and new online forms of activism accentuate this process. Effective and representative government requires a participatory citizenry and equal voice, and participation trends are undermining these outcomes. The Participation Gap both documents the growing participation gap in contemporary democracies and suggests ways that we can better achieve their theoretical ideal of a participatory citizenry and equal voice.

Human Development Report 1995

Human Development Report 1995
Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages : 248
Release :
ISBN-10 : 0195100220
ISBN-13 : 9780195100228
Rating : 4/5 (20 Downloads)

Synopsis Human Development Report 1995 by : United Nations Development Programme

This sixth edition of the widely-respected Human Development Report updates the unique Human Development Indicators comparing human development in most countries of the world, and the data tables on all aspects of human development. This edition includes a special section that examines issues of gender, analyzing global trends in closing and widening gender gaps in different regions and countries. It presents new indicators of gender equality in order to rank countries on a global scale, while it highlights policies that have ensured equal access to opportunities for men and women. The issue also proposes new methodologies to measure and value unpaid contributions made by men and women to human development through household and community activities, and it identifies a new action agenda for promoting gender equality in the decades ahead.

Electoral Participation in Newly Consolidated Democracies

Electoral Participation in Newly Consolidated Democracies
Author :
Publisher : Routledge
Total Pages : 215
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9781000352757
ISBN-13 : 1000352757
Rating : 4/5 (57 Downloads)

Synopsis Electoral Participation in Newly Consolidated Democracies by : Elvis Bisong Tambe

This book examines why people vote in the newly consolidated democracies of Africa, Latin America, East Asia, and Central and Eastern European countries. It addresses the question of how well models or theories of electoral participation, initially developed in established democracies, "travel" to new democracies. Based on recent cross- national survey data, it provides the first systematic and comparative evaluation of this topic. Drawing on political science, sociology, and psychology approaches, it reveals what is distinctive about voting in new democracies and how they compare between themselves and with more established democracies. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of political participation, public opinion, voting behaviour, electoral politics, and political parties as well as to international organisations and NGOs working in the field of democracy promotion and in emerging democracies.

Global Income Inequality

Global Income Inequality
Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Total Pages : 35
Release :
ISBN-10 :
ISBN-13 :
Rating : 4/5 ( Downloads)

Synopsis Global Income Inequality by : Branko Milanovi?

"The paper presents a nontechnical summary of the current state of debate on the measurement and implications of global inequality (inequality between citizens of the world). It discusses the relationship between globalization and global inequality. And it shows why global inequality matters and proposes a scheme for global redistribution. "--World Bank web site.

The Palgrave Handbook of Volunteering, Civic Participation, and Nonprofit Associations

The Palgrave Handbook of Volunteering, Civic Participation, and Nonprofit Associations
Author :
Publisher : Springer
Total Pages : 1505
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9781137263179
ISBN-13 : 1137263172
Rating : 4/5 (79 Downloads)

Synopsis The Palgrave Handbook of Volunteering, Civic Participation, and Nonprofit Associations by : David Horton Smith

Written by over 200 leading experts from over seventy countries, this handbook provides a comprehensive, state-of-the-art overview of the latest theory and research on volunteering, civic participation and nonprofit membership associations. The first handbook on the subject to be truly multinational and interdisciplinary in its authorship, it represents a major milestone for the discipline. Each chapter follows a rigorous theoretical structure examining definitions, historical background, key analytical issues, usable knowledge, and future trends and required research. The nine parts of the handbook cover the historical and conceptual background of the discipline; special types of volunteering; the major activity areas of volunteering and associations; influences on volunteering and association participation; the internal structures of associations; the internal processes of associations; the external environments of associations; the scope and impacts of volunteering and associations; and conclusions and future prospects. This handbook provides an essential reference work for third-sector research and practice, including a valuable glossary of terms defining over eighty key concepts. Sponsored by the International Council of Voluntarism, Civil Society, and Social Economy Researcher Associations (ICSERA; www.icsera.org), it will appeal to scholars, policymakers and practitioners, and helps to define the emergent academic discipline of voluntaristics.

Taxing Africa

Taxing Africa
Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages : 289
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9781783604555
ISBN-13 : 1783604557
Rating : 4/5 (55 Downloads)

Synopsis Taxing Africa by : Mick Moore

Taxation has been seen as the domain of charisma-free accountants, lawyers and number crunchers – an unlikely place to encounter big societal questions about democracy, equity or good governance. Yet it is exactly these issues that pervade conversations about taxation among policymakers, tax collectors, civil society activists, journalists and foreign aid donors in Africa today. Tax has become viewed as central to African development. Written by leading international experts, Taxing Africa offers a cutting-edge analysis on all aspects of the continent's tax regime, displaying the crucial role such arrangements have on attempts to create social justice and push economic advancement. From tax evasion by multinational corporations and African elites to how ordinary people navigate complex webs of 'informal' local taxation, the book examines the potential for reform, and how space might be created for enabling locally-led strategies.

The Oxford Handbook of the Social Science of Poverty

The Oxford Handbook of the Social Science of Poverty
Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Total Pages : 937
Release :
ISBN-10 : 9780199914050
ISBN-13 : 0199914052
Rating : 4/5 (50 Downloads)

Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of the Social Science of Poverty by : David Brady

The Oxford Handbook of the Social Science of Poverty builds a common scholarly ground in the study of poverty by bringing together an international, inter-disciplinary group of scholars to provide their perspectives on the issue. Contributors engage in discussions about the leading theories and conceptual debates regarding poverty, the most salient topics in poverty research, and the far-reaching consequences of poverty on the individual and societal level.