This title was first published in 2000: Describes policy innovations in transportation system management, planning and operations in the US that explicitly address interactions between transportation demands and travel behaviour in a mixed economy. The author shows how travel demand and management programmes function in the context of transportation supply and demand, investment, technology, pricing, management and marketing policies and procedures, with examples of voluntary, market-based and regulatory approaches to transportation and activity system management and institutional change. The author describes a variety of evaluation methods and models designed specifically for TDM programmes, and how these can be used to better inform decision-makers and other stockholders in the process of transportation policy formulation. TDM programmes have serious potential to increase the efficiency of a wide variety of transportation systems. Institutional obstacles are likely to prevent full implementation in the near future, but partial efforts are underway and likely to continue and succeed, under proper circumstances.

Smart Highways: Challenges Facing DOT's Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems Program

GAO discussed the Department of Transportation's (DOT) Intelligent Vehicle Highway System (IVHS) Program, focusing on: (1) DOT obligation of IVHS funds; (2) DOT implementation of IVHS technologies; and (3) issues affecting the attainment of IVHS goals. GAO noted that: (1) IVHS funding has increased significantly since 1991; (2) DOT obligated $272 million for IVHS projects and activities for fiscal years 1992 and 1993, with 59 percent for operational tests of IVHS technologies, 22 percent for basic research, and 10 percent for deployment support projects; (3) some IVHS technologies, such as electronic toll collection and advanced traffic management systems, are already in use while others need further research, development, testing, and technology advances; (4) the attainment of IVHS goals could be affected by the high costs of IVHS technologies, market uncertainties, the development of a system architecture to ensure compatibility among different IVHS technologies, the dissemination of information to users on the benefits of successful IVHS technologies, and concerns about users' privacy; and (5) DOT has established a program office to manage and oversee the IVHS program, but it has not developed a mechanism to share IVHS information.

This document contains project updates for the Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) Institutional and Legal Issues Program. Through focused research, the department hopes to find solutions to specific problems facing IVHS participants and policy makers. The department is taking a careful look at lessons learned in IVHS operational tests and models for IVHS deployment. Analysis is underway to understand the impact and bvenefits IVHS deployment could have on air quality, privacy, user acceptance, and other areas of concern to society at large.

Navigation and Intelligent Transportation Systems contains 40 papers covering the technical and functional aspects of these systems including: 3D mapping, route guidance, cellular phone access, electronic compasses, and the history and future of navigation systems. The book also covers the important role of navigation in Intelligent Transportation Systems concerned with traffic management, traveler information, vehicle control systems, commercial vehicle operations, and public and rural transportation systems. The book concludes with a chapter on the Intelligent Vehicle Initiative, a joint program between the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the Federal Highway Administration, and the Federal Transit Administration.