Information is presented from international authors in the realm of Biology, Physiology, Basic Science, and Clinical Medicine on aspects of skin of interest to the Plastic Surgeon. Topics range from Skin grafting and the Physiology of aging skin, through Dermal substitutes and Skin tissue engineering.

Facial Plastic Surgeons continually strive to improve their patients’ results and procedure experience. The material in this issue presents how to stay on “the cutting edge with innovative tools and techniques while performing efficacious, innovative, and relatively safe procedures. The topics include latest laser procedures, ultrasound treatment, platelet fibrin matrix gels, stem cell studies, and chemical peel techniques, among other innovations. These reviews of procedures, techniques, and devices should be considered in the light of evidence based medicine. There may be limited data as to their potential outcomes and complications, as is frequently the case with innovations in Facial Plastic Surgery. A comprehensive overview of the emerging procedures and tools and discussion of outcomes, considerations, complications, and successes are presented here.

Topics include: Defining the problem/proof of concept; The reconstructive model; Do ADM’s change the rationale for immediate vs. delayed?; Direct to implant reconstruction; Capsular contracture and ADM’s; Pocket reinforcement/bottoming out; ADM’s in the irradiated breast; Emerging applications; Comparison of different ADM materials; Tips and pearls; Economic considerations

Plastic Surgery’s pre-eminence in the field of surgical wound management is enhanced with clinical information in this publication. A surgeon involved with an international team training surgeons throughout the world in wound technology leads this issue, presenting advances in wound technology. Wound technology has enabled plastic surgeons to treat a wide variety of wounds successfully and has transformed wound surgery to a thriving, cutting edge specialty. Topics include: Debridement; Microbial Barrier Protection; Harnessing Growth Factors to Influence Wound Healing; Regenerative Materials that Facilitate Wound Healing; Compression and Venous surgery to treat VLUs; Early Experience with Stem Cells in treating Chronic Wounds; Hyperbaric Oxygen, Topical Oxygen and Nasal Oxygen in Wound Management; Negative Pressure Wound Therapy: An Algorithm; Sophisticated Surgical Solutions for Complex Wound Problems; An Algorithm for Limb Salvage for Chronic Ulcers; Outcome Assessment for Chronic Wound Management with Serial Debridement, and Topical Surface Manipulation.

This issue of Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics, Guest Edited by Dr. Richard D. Gentile, explores today's facial skin rejuvenation technology. Articles in this issue include: Microneedling Options for Skin Rejuvenation Including Non-Temperature Controlled Fractional Microneedle Radiofrequency Treatment; Skin Rejuvenation by Temperature Controlled Bi-Polar Fractional Microneedle Radiofrequency Treatment; New Developments for Fractional CO2 Resurfacing for Skin Rejuvenation and Scar Reduction; Broad Band Light and Skin Rejuvenation; Non-Ablative and Hybrid Fractional Laser Skin Rejuvenation; Chemexfoliation Through the Ages; Prescription Skin Care Products and Skin Rejuvenation; Plasma Energy Skin Rejuvenation; A Pulsed Technique for Helium Plasma Energy Skin Resurfacing; PICO Pulsed Lasers and Skin Rejuvenation; New Frontiers in Skin Rejuvenation Including Biologics; Pre- and Post-Operative Care for Interventional Skin Rejuvenation; Easy PRF for Post Resurfacing and Microneedle Therapy; and Photodynamic Therapy.

Information and updates on surgical techniques and equipment in the face of continued, rapid growth of plastic surgery are presented. The majority of this surgical information presents a blend of the newest data with a description of current and potential future clinical/surgical applications of new concepts, tools and techniques. Unique innovations in the field of breast reconstruction, treatment of lymphedema, and genitourinary function rehabilitation are addressed. Burns, extremity salvage, muscle flaps, biomaterials, reconstructive transplantation are among the topics presented. Information contained in Impact of Advances in breast Cancer Management on Reconstructive and Aesthetic Breast Surgery provides a practicing plastic surgeon an update of what is new in breast oncology and how it is or should be linked with the plastic surgeon's approach to breast surgery and reconstruction. Compilations of outcomes data are provided from ongoing clinical trials testing new concepts and techniques on the near horizon. A conclusion pertains to the details of ongoing acquisition of new skills, transferrance of existing skills, and maintenance of old skills, along with safety in plastic surgery in the context of surgical and technological advances presented by leaders representing diverse generations of practitioners.

Beyond the skin as protective barrier, surgeons and dermatologists explore the science of skin as they work with it every day on patients and clients with aging skin, facial scars, deformities, skin cancer, sun damage, vascular lesions, and traumatic injuries. This compilation of topics in Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics provides a primer on the basic science of skin, wound healing, exploration of genes, stem cells, and molecular science, along with direct clinical information related to surgery and medicine applicable in skin disorders, cosmetic procedures, and reconstructive procedures. Guest Editors David Hom and Adam Ingraffea lead a group of facial plastic surgeons and dermatologists who present an Overview of a specific skin problem, Therapeutic options, Clinical outcomes, Complications and sequela, along with a review of the most current literature to date on the subject of skin as is clinically and surgically relevant for dermatologists, facial plastic surgeons, plastic surgeons, and general practitioners.

This issue of Clinics in Plastic Surgery, guest edited by Dr. Kenneth Rothaus, is devoted to Minimally Invasive Plastic Surgery for the Aging Face. Articles in this issue include: How I Incorporate Minimally Invasive Procedures in My Practice; The Science of Hyaluronic Acid Fillers; Hyaluronics; Synthetic Fillers; Fat, Stem Cells, and Platelet Rich Plasma; Neurotoxins; Mesotherapy; Laser Physics, Safety, Indications, and Use; Lasers and Intense Pulsed Light Devices; Fractional Lasers; Light-Emitting Diode and Low-Level Light Lasers; The Science of Radiofrequency Devices; Aesthetic Applications of Radiofrequency Devices; Ultrasound Devices for Skin Tightening; Minimally Invasive Lasers; Minimally Invasive Radiofrequency Devices; Energy Plus Microneedles; Microneedles; Topicals; and Sun Protection.

Evidence base in 2015 remains a subject of controversy for surgeons related to its application in surgery that cannot be approached as it is in medical evidence. Academic surgeons acknowledge that evidence base is necessary and private practitioners know it is woven into the fabric of their practice. Dr. Lisa Ishii and Dr. Travis Tollefson, editors of this publication, are at the forefront of clinical use of and research into evidence based surgery. The Oxford Centre system of evidence is used for this issue. Currently, evidence is dominant in the reconstructive aspect, moreso than the cosmetic aspect; as such, this resource focuses on the nerve and microvascular procedures. Topics include Facial vascular anomalies, Cleft lip and palate; Trauma; Facial reanimation; System reviews and metanalyses; and Skin care, Laser treatments; and Rhinoplasty. Audience for this resource is facial plastic surgeons, otolaryngologists, plastic surgeons, laser therapists, dermatologists, and skin researchers.

The increasing multicultural population in the US and the world is reflected in the patient population that most Facial Plastic Surgeons are seeing in their practice environments. Facial plastic surgery procedures and aesthetic goals had been based predominantly on European Caucasian models of anatomy and cultural influences/ Currently, a wide variety of racial, ethnic and cultural backgrounds are included in most facial plastic surgery practice experiences. A recognition and sensitivity to those differences and influences should be part of a modern facial plastic surgeon’s skill set. With an understanding of the tremendous clinical relevance of multicultural aesthetics, this issue of Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics addresses Anatomy, Aesthetic goals, Patient evaluation, and Surgical techniques according to various ethnic, racial, and cultural needs. Some of the topics presented are Considerations in non-Caucasian facelift procedures; Scar variations by skin type; Laser and face peel procedures in non-Caucasians; Rhinoplasty in the Mestizo nose; Rhinoplasty in the African-American nose; Rhinoplasty in the Asian nose; Facial aesthetic surgical goals in patients of different cultures; and Concepts of beauty in a multicultural world.