This volume offers an overview of the growth of shaped crystals (oxides, fluorides, etc.) by the micro-pulling-down technique. Both melt and solution (flux) growth are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of the method are discussed in detail and compared with related crystal-growth processes. The authors attempt to give a practical introduction to this technique, thereby also explaining how its application can help to solve problems commonly encountered in other melt-growth methods.

Bent-Shaped Liquid Crystals: Structures and Physical Properties provides insight into the latest developments in the research on liquid crystals formed by bent-shaped mesogens. After a historical introduction, the expert authors discuss different kinds of mesophase structures formed by bent-shaped molecules. This book devotes the majority of its pages to physical properties such as polar switching, optics and non-linear optics, and behavior in restricted geometries. However, as chemistry is often highly relevant to the emergence of new phases, particularly with reflection symmetry breaking, it also involves a broad spectrum of interesting chemistry viewpoints.

A beautiful crystal color directory and crystal gallery profile over one hundred of these extraordinary works of nature. Detailed information on the effect each crystal has on mind, body, and spirit is combined with practical advice on crystal healing

The present volume continues the tradition of the preceding volumes. covering a wide range of crystal growth problems and treating aspects of critical importance for crystalliza tion. Changes in this field of knowledge have. however, changed the criteria for selection of papers for inclusion in this series. The increasing role of crystals in science and technology is even more apparent today. The study and utilization of these highly perfect objects of nature considerably facilitates progress in the physics and chemistry of solids. quantum electronics, optics, microelectron ics, and other sciences. The demand for crystals and crystal devices has grown steadily and has led to the emergence and rapid growth of the single crystal industry (we can safely saythat the state ofthe art in this industry is indicative ofthe overall scientific and technolo- cal potential of a country). At the same time, the introduction of crystallization techniques into other industries is gaining ever-increasing importance. To illustrate this last state ment, we can mention the fabrication of textured structural materials and direct methods of metal reduction in ores by using chemical vapor transport techniques. Crystallization tech ll niques progress both in "width" and in "depth : traditional methods are modernized. and novel techniques appear, some of them at the junction of the already existing technologies (for example, flux growth of crystals, growth from vapor with participation of the liquid phase, etc. ).

In the nematic liquid crystal phase, rod-shaped molecules move randomly but remain essentially parallel to one another. Biaxial nematics, which were first predicted in 1970 by Marvin Freiser, have their molecules differentially oriented along two axes. They have the potential to create displays with fast switching times and may have applications in thin-film displays and other liquid crystal technologies. This book is the first to be concerned solely with biaxial nematic liquid crystals, both lyotropic and thermotropic, formed by low molar mass as well as polymeric systems. It opens with a general introduction to the biaxial nematic phase and covers: • Order parameters and distribution functions • Molecular field theory • Theories for hard biaxial particles • Computer simulation of biaxial nematics • Alignment of the phase • Display applications • Characterisation and identification • Lyotropic, thermotropic and colloidal systems together with material design With a consistent, coherent and pedagogical approach, this book brings together theory, simulations and experimental studies; it includes contributions from some of the leading figures in the field. It is relevant to students and researchers as well as to industry professionals working in soft matter, liquid crystals, liquid crystal devices and their applications throughout materials science, chemistry, physics, mathematics and display engineering.

Growth of Crystals, Volume 21 presents a survey, with detailed analysis, of the scientific and technological approaches, and results obtained, by leading Russian crystal growth specialists from the late 1990's to date. The volume contains 16 reviewed chapters on various aspects of crystal and crystalline film growth from various phases (vapour, solution, liquid and solid). Both fundamental aspects, e.g. growth kinetics and mechanisms, and applied aspects, e.g. preparation of technically important materials in single-crystalline forms, are covered. A large portion of the volume is devoted to film growth, including film growth from eutectic melt, from amorphous solid state, kinetics of lateral epitaxy and film growth on specially structured substrates. An important chapter in this section covers heteroepitaxy of non-isovalent A3B5 semiconductor compounds, which have important applications in the field of photonics. The volume also includes a detailed analysis of the structural aspects of a broad range of laser crystals, information that is invaluable for successfully growing perfect, laser-effective, single crystals.

Crystals for Energy Healing outlines 100 of the most natural, empowering crystals we can work with to promote spiritual balance and protect from physical and psychic negativity. Crystals for Energy is a comprehensive source book of 100 essential crystals for spiritual healing and all-round protection. Not only does it present you with the crystal's natural attributes, legendary power, and holistic benefits, but also information on each crystal's specific energy so it may enhance, heal, or protect you. This all-inclusive guide book features introductory chapters on what crystals are from both their scientific legacy, and their magical one. You will see how to choose and care for your crystals, as well as the importance chakras and color in spiritual healing. You will also enjoy a practical chapter on working with stones specifically curated by the author for their protection and spiritual healing properties. And finding the exact crystal you need is easy, because the alphabetical sourcebook section that follows provides information about the uses and benefits of each crystal listed.

Discover how to improve your life with the power of crystals in this comprehensive guide from the author of The Practical Witch’s Spell Book. Whether you’re a seasoned pro or new to using gemstones or crystals, this beautifully illustrated guide by Cerridwen Greenleaf has got you covered. Greenleaf has conducted workshops and retreats throughout the United States, leading participants in mysticism and spirituality practices. Backed by her experience, Greenleaf guides readers in each chapter of this book, teaching you about crystals, gems, minerals, and their various healing qualities. Rocks and gems have been a part of the human experience for millennia. We have a source of healing energy right at our fingertips! Each stone brings its own inherent quality and interacts with us in different ways, and Greenleaf shares with us how best to choose from this trove of life-changing sacred stones. We could all use some positive energy in our lives. Crystals and healing stones can create a flow of positive energy into the places we need it most. Whether that’s our love life, work life, or home life, using crystals daily can bring peace of mind and greater prosperity to each area of our life that’s hurting. In this insightful book for mystics and seekers of spirituality, you will find . . .Chapters such as “Birthstone Secrets: Discovering Your 4 Soul Stones,” “Tranquility Touchstones: Stress-Reducing Rocks,” and “Crystal Charms: How to Choose and Make Change-Your-Life Jewelry”Detailed information on healing crystals and stones to accommodate each and every area of your lifeA source of help, healing, and stress-busting guidance through channeling positive energy

Experiments and problems to be done by the non-specialist to aid in his understanding of crystals.

Fluorinated Liquid Crystals: Design of Soft Nanostructures and Increased Complexity of Self-Assembly by Perfluorinated Segments, by Carsten Tschierske Liquid Crystalline Crown Ethers, by Martin Kaller and Sabine Laschat Star-Shaped Mesogens – Hekates: The Most Basic Star Structure with Three Branches, by Matthias Lehmann DNA-Based Soft Phases, by Tommaso Bellini, Roberto Cerbino and Giuliano Zanchetta Polar and Apolar Columnar Phases Made of Bent-Core Mesogens, by N. Vaupotič, D. Pociecha and E. Gorecka Spontaneous Achiral Symmetry Breaking in Liquid Crystalline Phases, by H. Takezoe Nanoparticles in Liquid Crystals and Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles, by Oana Stamatoiu, Javad Mirzaei, Xiang Feng and Torsten Hegmann Stimuli-Responsive Photoluminescent Liquid Crystals, by Shogo Yamane, Kana Tanabe, Yoshimitsu Sagara and Takashi Kato