Manufacturing rubber products requires the use of many additives. Therefore, mixing of the additives with the rubber is a very important step in the processing of rubber. There has been extensive research to try to understand the relationships between the formulation and the properties of the final product. In an industry with more than 100 years' accumulated history and a number of possible combinations of ingredients in the rubber formulation, there is an enormous amount of knowledge. However, this knowledge exists in fragments scattered as in-house 'know-how' among manufacturers and in the personal experience of the individual operators. This book organises this fragmented knowledge into a coherent whole based on scientific principles. This book is written for students, teachers and those in the rubber industry, who wish to acquire a scientific viewpoint of mixing. Last but not least it is written for the researchers in this field. With the latter in mind, subjects for future research are indicated wherever appropriate. With varied readers in mind, each chapter is written in such a way that it may be read independently from others.

Despite mature applications, advanced technology, and high volume, rubber compounding has never had a book of its own. Today, emerging applications such as tire reclamation and smoke-resistant cables combine with an industry push into engineering materials to create new kinds of compounds with new quality control problems. The Mixing of Rubber has been developed over several years in conjunction with the Farrel Corp./Connecticut Rubber Group course to educate the hands-on compounder and the end user as well. It covers machinery, mixing, process control, quality control, plant operations and mixing advice for specific compounds. Like the course, the book assumes no prior knowledge of rubber compounding but leads the technologist through the process from mix procedure to test.

The Science and Technology of Rubber, Third Edition provides a broad survey of elastomers with special emphasis on materials with a rubber-like elasticity. As in the 2nd edition, the emphasis remains on a unified treatment of the material; exploring topics from the chemical aspects such as elastomer synthesis and curing, through recent theoretical developments and characterization of equilibrium and dynamic properties, to the final applications of rubber, including tire engineering and manufacturing. Many advances have been made in polymer and elastomers research over the past ten years since the 2nd edition was published. Updated material stresses the continuous relationship between the ongoing research in synthesis, physics, structure and mechanics of rubber technology and industrial applications. Special attention is paid to recent advances in rubber-like elasticity theory and new processing techniques for elastomers. This new edition is comprised of 20% new material, including a new chapter on environmental issues and tire recycling.

This report describes the current state of the art in mixing in the rubber industry from a practical and essentially technological viewpoint. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Rapra Polymer Library database provides useful references for further reading.

A complete and timely overview of the topic, this volume imparts knowledge of fundamental principles and their applications for academicians, scientists and researchers, while informing engineers, industrialists and entrepreneurs of the current state of the technology and its utilization. Each article is uniformly structured for easy navigation, containing the latest research & development and its basic principles and applications, examples of case studies, laboratory and pilot plant experiments, as well as due reference to the published and patented literature.

Science and Technology of Rubber, Second Edition provides a general survey of elastomers and an examination of rubberlike elasticity, with an emphasis on a unified treatment ranging from physical theory to final applications. Researchers in polymer science and engineering fields will find coverage of recent advances, unsolved problems and projections, and processing. - Expanded coverage - Updated chapters featuring substantially more information - A unified treatment of the subject, with comprehensive coverage ranging from chemical aspects such as elastomer synthesis and curing, through theoretical developments and characterization of equilibrium and dynamic properties, to final applications

The book covers the major aspects of rubber compounding. For the first time, the reader will find all relevant issues, whether it is machine design, process technology, or material parameters, covered in one comprehensive volume. - Compounding (System Description) - The Mixer - Process Technology in Compounding - Correlation between Material Parameters and the Compounding Process - Correlation between Processing and Properties for Technical Parts Made from Rubber - Properties of Synthetic Polymers during Compounding - Production of Silica Compounds - Physical Phenomena in the Manufacture of Rubber Compounds

Mixing of rubber involves many variables, some of them are material and other are mechanical nature. Quite often one variable has a decisive influence on the entire mixing process. However, it is not possible to discuss all the variables in one presentation. Therefore, I shall limit the discussion on gum rubber characterization and mixing mechanisms.

This report describes the current state-of-the-art in mixing from a practical viewpoint. It begins by offering historical background against which the latest developments are set. It considers both batch and continuous systems, containing details of key developments by equipment manufacturers, with the different concepts discussed in layman's terms. This report also summarises the range of mixing techniques applied in the industry as well as methods for monitoring mixing quality both off- and on-line are also covered. Recent academic research in rubber mixing is briefly considered, providing an indication of possible future practical advances in this field. This review of rubber mixing is supported by an indexed section containing several hundred key references and abstracts selected from the Rapra Abstracts database.