While acknowledging the role of demographic and market forces as highlighted in the quantitative assessment, the paper concludes that different pathways from transhumant pastoralism have been shaped by policies and external interventions.

Bachelor Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Business economics - Economic and Social History, Addis Ababa University (College of business and economics), course: Economics, language: English, abstract: The objective of this study is to assess the major factors affecting the sustainable livelihood of Borana pastoralist. This study specially focuses on drought, bush encroachment, resource base shrinkage, customary institution and development intervention policy. A qualitative survey research design was used. The purposive sampling technique was employed to select a sample from the population. Data was gathered through semi-structure interview and focused group discussion, and the collected data was analyzed through a descriptive method. This study found that recurrent drought, expansion in bush encroachment, resource base shrinkage, erosion in customary institution and current state development intervention policy has negatively affected the sustainable livelihood of Borana pastoralist.

Definitions of pastoralism. Pastoralism, poverty and marginality. Trends in funding and changes in perception. The SL approach and pastoralism. SLs pastoralism and livelihood diversity.

The papers presented at the workshop dealt with a wide array of topics related to land management in the highlands of Tigray.

This book examines the management of policy implications for pastoral development in dryland areas. The contributors examine the consequences of living with uncertainty for pastoral development planning, range and fodder management, drought responses, livestock marketing, resource tenure, institutional development and pastoral administration.

'This study provides a review of the development of the livestock sector during the last decade and identifies barriers to livestock input and output markets for smallholder livestock producers. Potential issues for research and development that can be addressed through policy and institutional reforms are also identified. This report focuses on the pig and poultry sector. Both sectors, particularly the pig sector, have been growing rapidly and are on the verge of structural transformation, in response to both internal and external focus, i.e. the expanding domestic demand and the opportunities for export ' (from Executive Summary, p 1)

Economies and the Transformation of Landscape explores both the general and specific ways in which local economic ventures around the world, such as mining, ranching, and farming, affect the environment.