From a religio-historical perspective, 2Maccabees should be considered a watershed narrative—one that describes the threat of Hellenisation to traditional Jewish religious society. However, by the time 2Macc was written (c. 124 BCE), Judaism had already been greatly Hellenised and, quite ironically, the Jewish opponents to Hellenisation were deliberately employing Greek rhetorical and literary competencies to combat supposedly iniquitous Greek influences. Accordingly, 2Macc has intrigued scholars since at least the nineteenth century. Here, research has variously focused on the grammatical-historical approach (1891 to 1949), the socio- economical approach (1959 to 1985), and the ubiquitous impact of Hellenisation (1986 to 2012). The chapters in this book reflect post-2012 insights of nine prominent scholars dedicated to presenting some of the very latest findings in the context of 2Macc research. Here, they make use of some of the latest methods, with particular emphasis on narratology and rhetoric. This book, which offers a wide spectrum of the latest theological insights into Second Temple Judaism, should be considered an essential source for serious Biblical scholars.

From a religio-historical perspective, 2Maccabees should be considered a watershed narrativeâ "one that describes the threat of Hellenisation to traditional Jewish religious society. However, by the time 2Macc was written (c. 124 BCE), Judaism had already been greatly Hellenised and, quite ironically, the Jewish opponents to Hellenisation were deliberately employing Greek rhetorical and literary competencies to combat supposedly iniquitous Greek influences. Accordingly, 2Macc has intrigued scholars since at least the nineteenth century. Here, research has variously focused on the grammatical-historical approach (1891 to 1949), the socio- economical approach (1959 to 1985), and the ubiquitous impact of Hellenisation (1986 to 2012). The chapters in this book reflect post-2012 insights of nine prominent scholars dedicated to presenting some of the very latest findings in the context of 2Macc research. Here, they make use of some of the latest methods, with particular emphasis on narratology and rhetoric. This book, which offers a wide spectrum of the latest theological insights into Second Temple Judaism, should be considered an essential source for serious Biblical scholars.

The history of influence of the old testamentary Maccabees is the focus of the essays collected in this book, which extend thematically and chronologically from the cult of martyrs in late antiquity to the time of the modern wars of liberation.

Revelation 7:1-17 occurs between the opening of the sixth and seventh seal and Rev 10:1-11:13 between the sixth and seventh trumpet blasts. Interpreters often explain these passages as "interludes," "parentheses," or "expansions," but not in terms of ancient communication. Peter S. Perry analyzes these interruptions in the seals and trumpets in light of digressions in ancient rhetorical theory and practice. Digressions are described by Hermagoras, Cicero, and Quintilian and widely used, including in Josephus' works, Jubilees, Sibylline Oracles I/II, Zechariah, and Exodus. As with other ancient digressions, Rev 7:1-17 and 10:1-11:13 are unessential to the logical flow but essential to the book's impact. These passages excite the emotions, shape character, and give insight into John's rhetorical strategy and goals.

In the wake of the conquests of Alexander the Great, the ancient world of the Bible—the ancient Near East—came under Greek rule, and in the land of Israel, time-old traditions met Greek culture. But with the accession of King Antiochos IV, the soft power of culture was replaced with armed conflict, and soon the Jews rebelled against their imperial masters, as recorded in the Biblical books of the Maccabees. Whereas most scholars have dismissed the biblical accounts of religious persecution and cultural clash, Sylvie Honigman combines subtle literary analysis with deep historical insight to show how their testimony can be reconciled with modern historical analysis by conversing with the biblical authors, so to speak, in their own language to understand the ways they described their experiences. Honigman contends that these stories are not mere fantasies but genuine attempts to cope with the massacre that followed the rebellion by giving it new meaning. This reading also discloses fresh political and economic factors.

Innovative Septuagint research from an international group of scholars Toward a Theology of the Septuagint: Stellenbosch Congress on the Septuagint, 2018 focuses on the question of whether it is appropriate and possible to formulate a theology of the Septuagint. Nineteen English and German essays examine Old Testament, New Testament, and extrabiblical texts from a variety of methodological perspectives to demonstrate that such a theology is indeed necessary and possible. Features Nuanced discussion of whether and how a theology of the Septuagint can be written Extensive methodological discussions Close textual studies of biblical, Greek philosophical, and Jewish sources Abstracts of each essay

This volume contains articles by Martha Himmelfarb on topics in Second Temple Judaism and the development and reception of Second Temple traditions in late antiquity and the Middle Ages. The section on Priests, Temples, and Torah addresses the themes of its title in texts from the Bible to the Mishnah. Purity in the Dead Sea Scrolls contains articles analyzing the intensification of the biblical purity laws, particularly the laws for genital discharge, in the major legal documents from the Scrolls. In Judaism and Hellenism the author explores the relationship between these two ancient cultures by examining the ancient and modern historiography of the Maccabean Revolt and the role of the Torah in ancient Jewish adaptations of Greek culture. The last two sections of the volume follow texts and traditions of the Second Temple period into late antiquity and the Middle Ages. The articles in Heavenly Ascent consider the relationship between the ascent apocalypses of the Second Temple period and later works involving heavenly ascent, particularly the hekhalot texts. In the final section, The Pseudepigrapha and Medieval Jewish Literature, Himmelfarb investigates evidence for knowledge of works of the Second Temple period by medieval Jews with consideration of the channels by which the works might have reached these later readers.