ODOT initiated this research study to determine (1) the impact of milling off portions of the existing pavement on the structural capacity of the remaining pavement and (2) whether currently recommended HMA structural coefficients adequately reflect the structural properties of new HMA overlay materials. The study mainly focused on the impact of milling on the design of HMA overlays over existing flexible pavements and composite pavements. Volume I of the report deals with this main study focus area. During the course of the study, an additional focus area was added to the project to investigate the impact of completely milling off existing HMA layers in composite pavement systems on unbonded overlay design. Volume II of this report deals with impact of milling on unbonded overlays. Volume I describes the structural evaluation of individual flexible and composite pavement projects located at different sites throughout Ohio, as well as an analysis of the evaluation results to develop enhancements to the ODOT HMA overlay design procedure as needed. The report presents detailed descriptions of the projects evaluated, field testing procedures employed, procedures adopted for analyzing field testing data and other data collected, structural evaluation results, analysis of results, and recommendations for improvements of the current ODOT overlay design procedure. Volume II presents descriptions of the data collected, data analysis, observations, and recommendations for improvements of the current ODOT overlay design procedure.

ODOT initiated this research study to determine (1) the impact of milling off portions of the existing pavement on the structural capacity of the remaining pavement and (2) whether currently recommended HMA structural coefficients adequately reflect the structural properties of new HMA overlay materials. The study mainly focused on the impact of milling on the design of HMA overlays over existing flexible pavements and composite pavements. Volume I of the report deals with this main study focus area. During the course of the study, an additional focus area was added to the project to investigate the impact of completely milling off existing HMA layers in composite pavement systems on unbonded overlay design. Volume II of this report deals with impact of milling on unbonded overlays. Volume I describes the structural evaluation of individual flexible and composite pavement projects located at different sites throughout Ohio, as well as an analysis of the evaluation results to develop enhancements to the ODOT HMA overlay design procedure as needed. The report presents detailed descriptions of the projects evaluated, field testing procedures employed, procedures adopted for analyzing field testing data and other data collected, structural evaluation results, analysis of results, and recommendations for improvements of the current ODOT overlay design procedure. Volume II presents descriptions of the data collected, data analysis, observations, and recommendations for improvements of the current ODOT overlay design procedure.

Design is ubiquitous. Speaking across disciplines, it is a way of thinking that involves dealing with complex, open-ended, and contextualized problems that embody the ambiguities and contradictions in everyday life. It has become a part of pre-college education standards, is integral to how college prepares students for the future, and is playing a lead role in shaping a global innovation imperative. Efforts to advance design thinking, learning, and teaching have been the focus of the Design Thinking Research Symposium (DTRS) series. A unique feature of this series is a shared dataset in which leading design researchers globally are invited to apply their specific expertise to the dataset and bring their disciplinary interests in conversation with each other to bring together multiple facets of design thinking and catalyze new ways for teaching design thinking. Analyzing Design Review Conversations is organized around this shared dataset of conversations between those who give and those who receive feedback, guidance, or critique during a design review event. Design review conversations are a common and prevalent practice for helping designers develop design thinking expertise, although the structure and content of these reviews vary significantly. They make the design thinking of design coaches (instructors, experts, peers, and community and industry stakeholders) and design students visible. During a design review, coaches notice problematic and promising aspects of a designer's work. In this way, design students are supported in revisiting and critically evaluating their design rationales, and making sense of a design review experience in ways that allow them to construct their design thinking repertoire and evolving design identity.

Design related project level pavement management - Economic evaluation of alternative pavement design strategies - Reliability / - Pavement design procedures for new construction or reconstruction : Design requirements - Highway pavement structural design - Low-volume road design / - Pavement design procedures for rehabilitation of existing pavements : Rehabilitation concepts - Guides for field data collection - Rehabilitation methods other than overlay - Rehabilitation methods with overlays / - Mechanistic-empirical design procedures.